Geometrical optics Essays

Light Manipulation using telescopes AS91169 (begin writing below the heading) Refraction is when light changes speed as it travels from one medium to another, causing it to bend. This is because the optical density of the medium differs depending on what the medium is. The word medium is used to describe regions that will allow light waves to pass through it. A few examples of mediums would be air, glass, and water. Light can travel through all of them but, due to the different optical density of

The Keplerian Telescope: image source The Keplerian telescope has two lenses, both the objective and eyepiece lenses are convex (converging). When light parallel to the principal axis passes through the objective lens, the rays refract and converge until they hit the focal point. After they pass the focal point, the rays start to diverge. The rays are then intercepted by the eyepiece lens where the light refracts as it passes through the lens and causes the light rays to become parallel again as

This is a review of the Vixen Optics R130Sf Newtonian and Porta II Mount Telescope. It's a reasonably priced telescope that is a great medium aperture for viewing nebulae. The light gathering of this telescope means that you'll get sharp images if you decide to use this with your camera for pictures of your favorite planets or clusters of stars. It's a quality kit that's lightweight and provides tons of light for amateur astronomers. Owners of this R130Sf telescope found this an intuitive option

Refraction: Refraction occurs when light enters a more or less optically dense medium, which therefore has a different refractive index (measure of the velocity light can travel at in the medium compared to in a vacuum in which it can travel at 2.9 x 108ms-1). This causes the light’s speed to increase or decrease, which results in the rays bending towards or away from the normal, so the position of the image formed is dependent on the refractive indices of the two media. For refraction to occur

Fundus Camera Reticle Setup (Mydriatic) An often overlooked and critical step in obtaining sharp images is to set your reticle. The reticle is the adjustable viewfinder crosshairs and is unique to each operator’s eye visual acuity. To adjust, place a white piece of paper in front of the camera (alternatively, you can use the camera lens cap on), raise the illumination light to highest and while looking through the viewfinder, turn the eyepiece clockwise and counter-clockwise until crosshairs are

Photography’s “mysterious” beginnings and growth due to social desires were the first instances in which it could be seen that the way people say the world around them would completely change. The human desire to continue to find a better type of production lead to the ability to mass produce images and therefore allowed for information to be spread nationally as well as international. Photography allowed people to see places they had never seen, they were able to help support scientific discoveries

"Taking pictures has become a big part of my life. It is more than a job to me. I find it so crazy because it seems like taking pictures has actually saved me from doing a lot of things that I feared would harm me. With all that I have been through, some of the pictures I have taken have been keeping me sane....they're like memories stuffed in a flat rectangle. I love what I do!” Raetilliah Hayes once stated (Hayes). What is a photographer? A photographer is someone who takes pictures, typically

How can different light sources affect the observations you can make? Different light sources show totally different forms of visible light. From the camera obscura, we could see fuzzy images with single black colors. If the sunlight were not bright enough, the image would be fuzzier. From the prism, we could see refracted spectrum of colors with clearly different wavelengths. From the spectroscope, we could the see different clearer clusters of spectra from various sources of light and elements

Microscope Type Electron (Transmission Electron Microscope AKA TEM) Light (Optical Microscope) Cell Components Seen Organelles, through to the point of being able to observe inside the nucleus Smallest observable organelle, ribosome. Cell structure Smallest visible Organelle, mitochondrion. Specimen Preparation Specimen is stained with materials such as lead, osmium and uranium salts. The salts are then absorbed by the organelles and cell membrane, but not the cytoplasm. This means that the electrons

This is a review of the Sky-Watcher 12 inch Collapsible Dobsonian Telescope. It's a terrific telescope that will allow you to see many of the planets and stars in our night sky. Whether you are watching the stars by yourself or with your children, it's a good scope for the backyard. It's sturdy and substantial, so you can set it up in the backyard without worrying that it'll get blown over with the wind. Pros of the Sky-Watcher 12” Collapsible Dobsonian Telescope Huge aperture Collapsible Powerful

Would you push the button? In Richard Matheson’s short story “Button, Button”, I think Richard showed the dialogue that was going on between Arthur and Norma to show Norma’s motivations to push the button, to build a unhappy mood between Arthur and Norma, and to introduce Norma. If Richard didn't show the dialogue between Arthur and Norma, we wouldn't know why Norma wanted to push the button, we wouldn't know how Arthur felt about Norma wanting to push the button, and we wouldn't know that Norma

BS1003 – Organic Chemistry Practical 1 Laboratory Report Name: Tristan Chan Yew Kit, U1640436J (T8) Effects of Dichloromethane(DCM) in Extraction of Caffeine from Tea Leaves Purpose To investigate the ability for Dichloromethane(DCM), a moderately polar organic solvent, to extract aqueous caffeine molecules, originating from Tea Leaves suspended in water. Introduction Caffeine, defined chemically as 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine (C8H10N4O2), is an alkaloid that can be found in tea leaves, coffee and many

In the image above, we are able to see that the artist has used several different depth cues to create an illusion of depth to those who view it. The depth cues that the artist of this picture has utilized are relative size, occlusion, and texture gradient, which all happen to be specifically monocular depth cues, otherwise known as depth cues that only require one eye to be seen. The monocular depth cue of relative size is used in this image in several areas, both with the people in the image

20th Century At the turn of the 19th/20th centuries Louis Pasteur invented pasteurization while Robert Koch discovered his famous or infamous postulates: the anthrax bacillus, the tuberculosis bacillus and the cholera vibrio. Phase Contrast MicroscopeUV and Phase: By 1900, the theoretic limit of resolution for visible light microscopes (2000 angstroms) had been reached. In 1904, Zeiss overcame this limitation with the introduction the first commercial UV microscope with resolution twice that of

In this clever ad for Glassex window cleaner, a magician is depicted “levitating” a woman. However, it is alluded to that the woman is actually laying on a glass case, unseen due to the cleanness of the surface. In terms of line, the lines are commonly sharp and long, with the curved lines reserved for only the two figures in the ad. The floor and the curtains employ long, unstopped lines, while the magician and the woman’s lines are much more organic in relation to each other. This also causes the

Anatomy and physiology Assignment 1 of 3 Cell ultrastructure Light and Electron microscope uses light and electron microscopes are both used to see objects which cannot be seen with the naked eye, however the electron microscope has far more magnification levels; 0.2nm magnification 250,000 times, these allow you to see the ultrastructure of cell (Reid, 2017). A light microscope is an instrument that uses visible light and magnifying lenses to examine small objects not visible to the naked eye

A racemic mixture is a mix of equal numbers of enantiomeric molecules. Each enantiomer rotates plane-polarized light in an equal but opposite direction and is optically inactive because they are mirror images. when an optically active compound is synthesized, the product formed is found to be an optically inactive racemic mixture containing equal amounts of both l and d forms. The process where enantiomers are separated into l and d forms is referred to as “resolution”. the mixture is then said to

the jaws is gained only in the anterior of the midline, the use of this technique for the calculation of horizontal dimension of alveolar process is applicable to this area only. [49,52] 2.4.5 Panoramic Radiography: The resolution of and the shape of the panoramic radiographs is less than that of an intraoral film but it provides a broader visualization of the two jaws and the anatomical structures nearby. The panoramic imaging technique is distinct because of the magnification in vertical plane

Linear perspective is an illusion given by two parallel lines to represent depth and perception. The further the two parallel lines are the closer they look. For example, when you are walking down a long hallway, the further you look the closer the parallel lines appear to be. It may even look as though they are touching. In The Music Lesson, linear perspective appears by the edge of the wall (left hand) where the two parallel lines seem closer because of the distance, the floor tiles, the square

1. INTRODUCTION TO MICROSCOPY A microscope is an instrument used to see objects that are very small for the naked eye. The science of examining small objects using such a tool is called microscopy. Microscopic means invisible to the eye except aided by a microscope. 2. HISTORY FIRST Zacharias Jansen (1580–1638) invented a compound light microscope and after that Antony van Leeuwenhoek in 1632–1723 invented a simple (one-lens) microscope that earned a lot of importance worldwide. Robert Hooke in