Immanuel Wallerstein Essays

Thinking about how to expand my final paper and considering my observations, I found a lot of interconnections with the discussions we had in class on the World system theory. The world’s system theory can be traced to the French social historian Fernand Braudel (Kottak 6th edition), it argues that within the global economy, there exists a division of labor. This division of labor separates global regions into parts, the core, the semi-periphery , and the peripheral regions. The central beliefs of

Theoretical foundation of social support The concept of social support has been subject of review in different perspectives over decade and no clear cut definition has emerged as different scholar view social support from different angle. A lot of documented facts has emerged on the concept “social support and its influence on physical and psychological health outcomes for over three decades. Social support has been viewed from different angles by different scholars since the work of Caplan (1974

But this globalization leaved many questions to the people’s mind such is Globalization inevitable? And can we escape it? For me, based on the definition, globalization is, it refers to a worldwide movement of economic trade. An opening of the local and national through interconnectedness and interdependency, such as exporting and importing products around the globe. Is globalization inevitable? Yes, we cannot avoid globalization, why? Because as of now we are living where technology increases

Keynessa Nazaire Professor Siteman Writing 102 2/24/15 Globalization: The Super Story Not many people are aware of the type of system the world runs on today. Sure every country has their idea on which political system is the right one, however the world as a whole, runs on what has become known as globalization. In "Globalization: The Super-Story" by Thomas L. Friedman, we get a deeper understanding of what it is, as well as what his opinions on it are. Although it is a short article, it

When comparing the two different accounts of English philosophers Thomas Hobbes and John Locke we must take into consideration a number of things such as the age in which they lived and the time in which they produced their philosophical writings. We will however find out that these two philosophers actually have a couple of things in which agree on even though most of their opinions clash. On one side we have Thomas Hobbes who lived in the time of the English Civil War (1642-1651) who provides a

There is an extensive literature on the problem of relative gains and the differences between neoliberal institutionalism and structural realist theory. The neoliberal theory assumes that states only care about their absolute payoff and disregards the gains of other. It stresses the prospects for cooperation and whether it results in a relative gain or loss is ignored as long as it brings an absolute gain. On the contrary, neorealist theory assumes that the states care about relative achievements

approach. The contribution to our understanding of ethical problems offered by 3 different ethical theories: Kant’s ethics of duty, the ethics of right and the ethics of justice. Firstly, Kant’s ethics of duty is defined by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804). Kant, I method to ethics is to shed lights on what humans are capable of doing which is necessarily our motives and intentions, we cannot be entirely responsible for our actions because it might be effected by accidental circumstances

Utilitarianism is a normative moral theory based on consequentialism-its fundamental idea is that “do what produces the best consequence”. In more detail the theory dictates that actions are only right if they promote happiness and produce the greatest amount of happiness; “actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness. By happiness is intended pleasure, and the absence of pain; by unhappiness, pain, and the privation of

Importance of Respect “Unlike food, respect costs nothing. Why then should it be in short supply?” wrote Richard Sennett in his book Respect: The Formation of Character in an Age of Equality (??????). The concept of respect is philosophically challenging, but socially and morally important, as it reveals our attitudes and influences to the world around us. Respect is seen by many as the way of showing someone that you think highly of them, namely, respect them! There are many synonyms underlining

Philosophy 2200C Taylor Pearl Paper #1 The Cultural Differences Argument for Moral Relativism In this paper I will be discussing the theory of the Cultural Differences Argument for Moral Relativism and also the flaws this theory holds. First I will explain the general idea of Moral Relativism, followed by two examples of cultural differences that are often cited to further explain this theory. After that I will discuss what the Cultural Differences Argument is for Moral Relativism. Next I will

Grell’s and Porter’s Toleration in Enlightenment Europe focuses on “the ambiguities, limits, fluctuations … [and] the extension of toleration in the Enlightenment.” The book addresses ideas of Voltaire, Locke, Montesquieu as well as other writers, who, maybe less known, contribute significantly to this concept. Theory and practice differed greatly, as shown by examples of ideas of enlightened thinkers and several rulers in 17th and 18th century Europe. Grell and Porter (2000) though the demand to

Natali Petriashvili 09.12.15 CL 278 Moral Letters of Seneca Seneca was a stoic philosopher. “Seneca was one of the most influential political, intellectual, and literary figures whose works survive to us from antiquity. He shaped the development of the tragic drama in Renaissance Europe, he inspired and influenced literary and intellectual figures as different as Montaigne and Calvin” (Ahl 15). Seneca had very interesting views on many topics including virtue, friendship, honesty, and, also, death

Altruism could be defined as a moral tenet which dictates that individuals have an ethical responsibility to help or benefit others, even at the sacrifice of one’s own self interest, if required. Altruism as a word is originally derived from the Italian word ‘alturi’, which in turn was derived from the Latin word ‘alteri’, meaning “other people” (Ciciloni, 1838). In simple terms, altruism is the concept of concern and care for the welfare of others and the presence of a continuous desire to lend

Among the Ethical Philosophy, which I find to be interesting and different from the beliefs that I have, is the Normative or Ethical Hedonism. Coming from a culture which is highly collective, this ethical philosophy is something interesting to learn as a person who strive to broaden his horizon by learning different ethical philosophy that might different from ours, yet common and acceptable by other culture. As far as our culture is concern, we believe that we must act always according to the will

Although ethics and morality are usually used interchangeably, they are dissimilar. Ethics are the right and wrong/ good and bad associated within a society, while morality is the right and wrong associated with personal beliefs. In other words, morality focuses on personal characters while ethics focuses on social system in which these morals are applied. Ethics is a branch of philosophy in which right and wrong is defined theoretically, logically and rationally while morals are subjective and personal

Talking about rationalism requires knowing first what is “Epistemology” or “theory of knowledge? Epistemology is a branch in philosophy that studies the nature of knowledge. Rationalism is an epistemological theory, so rationalism can be interpreted the distinct aspects or parts of the mind that are separate senses. The distinctive aspects can be identified as human abilities to engage in mathematics and intellectual reasoning. The knowledge the distinctive aspects provide is seen as separate from

A paradigm is a way of looking at the world. It is composed of certain philosophical assumptions that guide and direct thinking and action. Likewise, a paradigm can be defined as the “basic belief system or worldview that guides the investigation” (Guba & Lincoln, 1994, p. 105). Before joining this M.Phil programme, my understanding of research methodology was limited to only qualitative, quantitative and mix method and two approaches case study and ethnography. Now, after going through the qualitative

artistic creation. Deontological ethics is a philosophical theory which dissects acts into right and wrong on the basis of the adherence of an act to a specific rule. One of the many formulations of deontology is Kantianism, a view introduced by Immanuel Kant, which argues that the basis for morality are motives for one’s action rather than the consequences of it and searches a justification for one’s duty to behave in a certain manner. One of the critiques or counter positions of Kant’s ethics is

1.2 Cause of suffering Suffering or evil could be divided into two major categories: physical and moral. Both have their own cause. Every action or deed has its own particular motive to do or to present. Whatever happens in the life, immediately we ask “why” and we search the reason for it. Especially when man faces trials and tribulations, he asks why all these things are happening in his life and what he has done to undergo this. Identifying the causes is a very important aspect in each and

In social psychology, prosocial behaviour is defined as any act which benefits others, essentially any behaviour initiated with the purpose of increasing another person’s physical or psychological well being, with positive consequences for that person (Hogg and Vaughan, 1998). By contrast, in social psychology altruism refers to a behaviour that benefits only another individual, rather than oneself, often even with consequence to oneself (Batson and Coke, 1981). Prosocial behaviour refers to all