Model organism Essays

Model organisms are used by scientists to investigate and test aspects of human biology, and pathobiology, without potentially harming humans in the process. They are defined as a laboratory organism that provides an advantage to experimental research in a biological process, with the expectation it will provide information into the processes in other organisms. However, with gene sequencing becoming much more available in the past 20 years, more species have become accessible to use as model organisms

Introduction C. elegans are 1mm transparent worms used in many experiments as a model organism, since they are creatures that are easy to use and take care of in a laboratory setting. These organisms are small in size, have a short three-day life cycle, and reproduce efficiently in the lab. The C. elegans only have two sexes, male and hermaphrodite and these sexes make the organism convenient for breeding and reproduction in the laboratory environment (Hope IA, 2005). One reason the C. elegans

elegans are androdioecious species consisting of males and self-fertilizing hermaphrodites. Males in nature are typically rare, although if given the chance they will successfully mate with hermaphrodites (Murray 2011). These organisms are often used as model organisms due to its simple anatomy along with easily identified characteristics. . It has a short lifespan, therefore analyzing the life span of several generations can be carried out in a short period of time and provide a better understanding

The Handmaid's Tale by Margaret Atwood tells a story revolving around a young woman in a post-war economy run by the church, where if a woman fails to produce a child she is sentenced to death. The morals in The Handmaid's Tale are twisted by religion, countless women hung or physically shamed for expressing themselves or refusing to procreate with a man much older than them. Margaret Atwood is skilling in writing post-apocalyptic or future-oriented stories of what could be, something even more

The nematode or roundworm is a parasitic multicellular organism which inhabits a diverse range of environments including mountains, deserts and oceans. This ecology based seminar was about nematodes predominantly inhabiting bio crusts and desert landscapes and the research that was done by a grad student in the Mohave desert. Topics that were covered were the introduction of the love triangle (aka the study system), the landscape side of the relationship, bio crust side of the relationship, and finally

rarely affected by some diseases, such as hepatitis C, cancer, and malaria, causing a halt for chimpanzee research (Ericson). Paul Furlong, a professor of clinical neuroimaging at Aston University, said that “[it is] very hard to create an animal model that even equates closely to what we’re trying to achieve in the human” (Furlong). This shows that an animal’s anatomy is too different than a human’s to give correct results. To sum up, animals are not identical to humans which can make them bad testing

used for the research in the laboratory as an animal model. This one is used because its gene is totally sequenced, It’s also easy to grow in special pools in the laboratory, with high production rate (at least 200 egg per week). In addition this animal is transparent and has an external fecundation which make it easier to manipulate and observe its development. With a high rate of gene conserved between it and humans, it makes it an ideal model to do this king of study. The system of growing those

The book, A Dog’s Purpose, follows a dog who searches for his unique purpose in life. The canine experiences reincarnation four times, and in every one of his different lives, he tries to accomplish making his human happy. In his first life, he is Toby and lives in the Yard with a woman called Señora. Toby adjusts to his life in the Yard and assumes his purpose is to make Señora smile. He comforts her and takes pride in being her favorite. Soon, Toby makes a trip to the veterinarian's office and

Tucson water Tucson, Arizona is a city of 526,116 people and they are all supplied water from the same organization Tucson water. The water has restrictions on what contaminants can be inside the water, but what are the effects of the contaminants which they do not have restrictions on. If they have a mixture of Nitrate-N, Sodium, and Fluoride inside the water then it will cause harm to Caenorhabditis Elegans (C elegans) because the possible large amounts inside the water. C elegans are very similar

Introduction: In this lab experiment students replicated the exercises as dictated in the lab manual with few exceptions as prescribed by the professor. The genetic material of three varieties of C. elegans worms were examined as a model for genetic human disease in this study via Polymerase Chain Reaction technique. An agarose medium and gel electrophoresis set up was provided students along with materials for DNA amplification. The results were recorded by photograph and in the lab

Throughout the semester in AP Biology I’ve been able to cover several different topics. These include being able to identify biological processes that require energy, investigating and modeling ways organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes and investigating and explaining how organisms respond to changes in their environment. Over the semester I have been able to gain a full understanding and can demonstrate proficiency in each of these components of the curriculum. The work

IMPACT OF FUNGI ON HUMANS Fungi are eukaryotic, sporulating, heterotrophic organisms which acquire nutrients through absorption. Their vegetative bodies are made up of thalli and reproduce both asexually and sexually, although in some the sexual stage is not known. Various classes exist; basidiomycetes, ascomycetes, deuteromycetes, zygomycetes and oomycetes. The impact of fungi on humans cannot be underestimated. They play vital roles in the ecosystem, including the wellbeing of man. These roles

viral particles proposed by authors, could be devastating to many species. First, because of the time gap between ancient viral infections of plants 700 years ago and now, we cannot be sure of plant response to viral infection. Comparing with other models of coexistence between two species, we could expect that plants as a host in this case, would try to adapt to viral infection or acquire some natural immunity against the virus that would allow them to survive during the evolution. Absence of virus

REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION AND THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN EUKARYOTES AND PROKARYOTES IN THIS PROCESS Every day in our body and each cell there are a wide range of mechanisms that helps the cell to survive and also helps the organisms to survive as well. The part of these mechanisms is increasing and decreasing the production of specific gene products (either proteins or RNA), and is known as gene regulation. Moreover this process is happening in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, but there are some

strategies have made the reliance on animals to be outdated; however, scientists have only just begun to use these new technologies. The new and updated modifications to animal testing may never reach its full potential if the dependence on animal models continues. Taking a fraction of the resources currently devoted to animal experiments and putting those advancements towards developing and expanding non-animal methods could immensely reduce the use of animals and pave a path towards the day that

1. Feed your ferret a premium ferret or premium kitten food (only if ferret food is not available). Make sure the food you choose contains at least 34% protein and less than 2% fiber. Make sure that meat is the first ingredient on the list of ingredients on the back of the bag. Avoid any ferret foods that contain dried fruits and vegetables. Remember, ferrets are strict carnivores! Suggestions: Totally Ferret, Zupreem, Iams Kitten, Eukanuba Kitten. 2. Give your ferret meat based treats or fatty

1. Introduction Bacteria have evolved several different mechanisms to enable them adapt successfully to their environment. All organisms have intrinsic genetic determinants that are expressed when challenged with different stress factors. Examples of such environmental stressors include antibiotics, chemicals, ionizing radiation, high salinity, extreme hydrostatic pressure, extreme temperatures and heavy metal stress, among others. When faced with single or multiple challenges, a series of transcriptional

Franz Kafka, a novelist, once stated that, "A book is an ax for the frozen sea within." The quote compares the human condition to that of a frozen sea, and literature as the axe that breaks through and unlocks it. Literature is something that should cause individuals to learn more about themselves through books that express strong messages about humanity. Powerful messages that the reader recognizes are messages that invoke thinking from the reader, otherwise it would be impact less. This is why

are unitary organisms; they are both genetically and physiologically separate and therefore these individuals can be easily recognised or set apart. Unitary organisms develop from zygote to adult with determinant form – not modified by environmental conditions. On the other hand, modular organisms form new functional modules (ramets – subunit of the genet that is physiologically viable as an autonomous fragment) from a single genetically unique individual (the genet). Modular organisms grow by repeated

biotechnology. Generally, genetic modification is the manipulation of an organism’s genome using biotechnological processes and technologies. It involves the removal, addition, or modification of an organism’s genes in order to create a new organism. What results, is an organism that is mutated for safe consumption, protection against disease caused by pathogens, or enhanced to improve yields, quality, and nutrition. Although there are many positive things resulting from genetically modifying foodstuffs, the