Treaty of Lisbon Essays

explanation of why the outcomes of the Nice Treaty has been disapproved. Further on, the road from Nice to Lisbon will be explained and it will be stated whether the creation of the Lisbon Treaty can be illustrated as democratic. Also, the Lisbon Treaty will be identified and the main outcomes of the treaty negotiations in the Lisbon Treaty will be stated. Finally, a concise summary of the stated arguments will be given. The Nice Treaty The Nice Treaty was signed in February 2001 and entered force

The European Union has become a relevant actor globally, especially through its trade and monetary policy. The fact that the EU is the first economic power in the world shows that the EU, when there is political will on the part of all Member States, may act as a superpower. But Europe still has an unresolved matter: EU needs to speak with one voice abroad. Why not the European Union does has the same role on the international stage? Basically because there are as many external policies as States

The fundamental goals of EU competition rules is to prevent distortion of competition. It is a condition for achieving a free and dynamic internal market and is one of the instruments promoting general economic welfare. Since the Lisbon Treaty came into force, this objective has no longer been set out expressly in Article 3 TFEU but subsumed into the term ‘internal market’ under Protocol No 27. The conditions for the application of these rules and their legal effects have become so entrenched in

.5 MAASTRICHT TREATY The Maastricht Treaty, marked in 1992 and authoritatively known as the Treaty on European Union (TEU), presented a few imperative increments and alterations to the Treaty of Rome and flagged a progress in European combination rose to just by the 1986 Single European Act. Its focal elements were the consolidation of EMU into the Treaty of Rome and the foundation of the European Union by the expansion of two new fields of approach co-operation: the Common Foreign and Security Policy

Three core elements of Tony Blair’s 10-year tenure were an activist philosophy of 1. ‘Interventionism’ 2. Preserving the strong alliance with the US 3. and positioning Britain at the heart of Europe. Whereas the ‘special relationship’ and the Britain’s role in Europe have been central to British foreign policy since World War 2, interventionism is arguably a new element. The advent of this interventionist policy was triggered by the 1999 Kosovo war. At the same time he made he made his now famous

The Global Financial Crisis has shown many weaknesses in the European financial system and as we have seen, there have been many regulatory changes and still will be in order to avoid a future crisis. For this purpose, the existing institutions before the crisis burst have carried out some actions such as the development of the Basel III Accord, among others, with the aim of strengthening the regulation and supervision of the banking sector. And throughout the crisis, new institutions have been created

2. CONCEPTUAL AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 2.1. THE EUROPEAN UNION: ONE OF WHAT KIND? As stated in the introduction (pages 6-7), a cacophony of adjuncts has been used to conceptualize the EU. Normative Power has undoubtedly become the most popular concept; one could even speak of a “neo-normative turn in theorizing the EU’s international presence” (Whitman 2013, 171). But what does normative power mean? How does normative power differ from other concepts, such as “civilian”, “civilizing”, “soft”, “postmodern”

1 Introduction This essay discusses the two main types of assessment – formative assessment and summative assessment. It then describes the proposed Junior Cycle reform in the Republic of Ireland, particularly in relation to the changes in assessment. The essay then comments on the current state of the Junior Cycle reform process in the Republic of Ireland. These are two contrasting types of assessment. Formative assessment being a more continuous approach that happens during the learning in the

Are you planning to have a special vacation that you can never forget? Do you decide that your next trip destination will be Europe? Are you curious to know more about Europe? So, this article is definitely what you are looking for, as it would help you a lot to know more information about Europe, and would guide you while you are preparing your traveling plan. The area of Europe is about 3,930,000 square miles, where its borders start from Asia to the Atlantic, and from Africa reaching the Arctic

Europe, as a whole and from different points of view, as a political, cultural, or historical entity or even as a geographical location, was, and continues to be, now more than ever, one of the most controversial subjects throughout history that has many interpretations coming from different perspectives. Through the way one perceives that notion of Europe can be seen how he or she understands and identifies himself or herself in it. One of these interpretations is about europe’s fixed and stable

Like all social identities, there is no fixed European identity. Today we have overcome the monolithic conception of it in favour of a more postmodern definition, understanding it as something fluid or constantly in the process of becoming. Ideas of Europe and about Europe are in close relationship with the historical context and as such they ought to be studied, so that a diachronic understanding can facilitate a synchronic analysis. Paul Valéry’s essay “The Crisis of the Mind” fits well in this

One of the most dramatic events in the history of the European Union is the Eurozone crisis. This crisis constitutes a determining fact for the European Union and its Member States. This crisis was the first instance of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) becoming involved in the Eurozone. Before that, the involvement of IMF in Eurozone financial problems was not welcome because of the antagonism between Euro and USA dollar. Another reason for this negative position against the IMF was the perception

The concept of cultural events is one of the important aspects of contemporary European life. It's the transition of European identity-making in its basic level, as a result of various forms of cultural friction, integration, transformation and synthesis, These processes have emerged for countless reasons, including the translation of forms of cultural expressions, and intellectual exchange and intellectual competition, technological change, economic development, trade and war, occupation and unification

As the famous saying goes, “The strong do what they will while the weak do what they must," so let it be with the counties of the world and the role they play in International Politics. Eurocentrism is a concept that places Europe at the centre of the world. Assuming that it is self containing and self representing, the entire world is looked at with Europe at the centre. Eurocentrism bias leads to an illogical understanding of International Relations and makes politics and judgement to incline in

with the terms or spirits of the treaties and the EU law is equally, fairly and constantly being applied in all the member states. They are able to do this by interpreting and giving their opinion about EU law to national courts and they are also able to make judgements in disputes relating to EU institutions, member states, individuals and corporations therefore giving the European Union authority in ensuring its decisions and policies agree with the EU treaties and law which is why the court does

The principle institutions of the EU are the EU Commission- this is the man legislative organ of the community, the Council, the European Parliament and the European Court of Justice (ECJ). The fourth source of law is an external source- The Human Rights Act 1998 (the HRA 1998) came into effect in Oct 2000. This act makes most of the rights in the European Convention on Human Rights directly enforceable in the English courts. It requires signatory states to uphold a number of fundamental civil

5.2.1. European Union - EU Established in 1951 as the European Coal and Steel Community by the six founding members, the EU chronologically has established a common market, common policies, a single market and finally a monetary union. Today, the EU has 27 member states and acts in a wide range of policy areas - economic, social, regulatory and financial - where its actions are beneficial to the member states. These include: Solidarity policies (also known as cohesion policies) in regional, agricultural

Transnational education has a close relationship with the Bologna Declaration, its follow-up process (six objectives) and intended goals. The creation of a ‘European higher education area’ interacts with transnational education in a number of positive and negative ways. Transnational education represents opportunities as well as threats. European education providers cannot isolate themselves from external non-European transnational forces, nor is it sensible to ignore the unintended consequences

The EU is a supranational organisation, in other words more than one country is involved in it and that it has greater authority than any single country within it. European governments that choose to be members of the EU make an important decision to give up some of their national sovereignty and to agree on policies in social, political and economic matters which are of common interest (Perisic, 2010:2). In other words, member states’ national policies and laws are equally bound by the EU institutions

While browsing through literature on Charlemagne and his Carolingian Empire’s role in European history and unity, one view immediately stands out and helps to organize it. Barraclough (1963) and Mikkeli (1998) both argue that when examining the achievements of Charlemagne considering European unity, early historians have appointed the Carolingian Empire literally as the beginning of Europe. Mikkeli (1998) states that this view of early historians is partly based on the time period in which it is