AAA Code of Ethics – A list of ethical guidelines, including doing no harm, being open and honest regarding one’s work, and obtaining informed consent and necessary permissions. Following such a code is important to preserve the ethics of fieldwork.
Agency – An individual’s free choice and autonomously chosen behavior. It is the opposite of structure. An example of agency would be a person who has chosen to not be confined to the structural ideas associated with one’s race, but choosing how to talk or dress based on personal preference.
Aggregation – The final period during a ritual when the person returns to society and their normal life, but in a changed role or state. For example, a girl may now assume the role of a woman. As a result, the
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It is split into four different branches, including archeology, cultural/social/socio-cultural, linguistics, and physical/biological/bio-cultural. The field began to develop during the period of colonialism, as ruling powers looked for ways to establish power over the areas they wished to colonize.
Anti-Politics Machine – As explained by anthropologist James Ferguson, the development agencies’ failures to create lasting success are because of a lack of involvement with that nation’s government. Instead, these development projects have removed the political aspect from innately political responsibilities, such as the care of roads and hospitals. Thus, the real effect of these development programs has been to give more power to the bureaucracy, instead of achieving their actual developmental goals.
Applied Anthropology – This ‘fifth field’ of anthropology applies theories and fieldwork to a relevant cause or case. An example of this is the struggle between whale hunting restrictions and the native Macaw culture, who traditionally have hunted whales.
Archeology – A subfield study of anthropology that focuses on past
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This is the perspective that anthropologists assume when doing fieldwork and writing ethnographies. The opposite is ethnocentrism.
Culture – A process, learned over time, and a way of seeing, or how people make sense of reality. It changes every day and is ordinary to the people involved in it. To understand it, time needs to be spent there. Culture is highly dependent on the person, so there can many experiences of one. For example, a wealthy person living in Florida has a very different reality than a person living in poverty in California. As a result, there is no strict definition of a culture.
Culture Shock – A possible problem during fieldwork when the anthropologist feels out of place in a new culture. This difference may make it difficult to be fully incorporated within a new group of people.
Deregulation – A process with the ultimate goal of having less government control over the economy. As a result of this smaller state, there will be less federal aid and social programs, as well as a reduced economic role for the government. One impact may be a lack of subsidies for farmers who lose business. It is associated with