This innovation has made it possible to relate physiological cell states to gene expression designs for considering tumors, progressions in disease, cell reaction to stimuli, proteins, metabolites, protein-protein collaborations, and modifications in a experiment. DNA microarrays can be utilized to identify DNA, or recognize RNA which is most regularly cDNA after reverse transcription that may be converted into proteins. This is done through Fluorescent colors. They are utilized to mark the extricated mRNAs or opened up cDNAs from the tissue or cell samples. The DNA array is then hybridized by incubating them overnight, and afterward washing to remove unimportant hybrids.
Towards the end of the article Kluger mentions, “But cancer—far too nimble far too complex—didn’t play along then, and won’t now.” This is a form of Hasty Generalization because the author beings to draw conclusions from little evidence. There is no guarantee that it will take hundreds of years to find the cure for cancer, but in this statement Kluger is assuming that it will because of the complexity of the
In doing so they believed they could observe the actual moment a normal cell transformed to a malignant one, a process they termed spontaneous transformation (Skloot, pg
Nicholas Navin Laboratory. Where I helped his graduate student, Marco Leung in the research project “Investigating Cell Line Heterogeneity and Clonal Interaction in Breast and Colon Cancer Cell Line.” Understanding tumor heterogeneity and clonal interactions is of great importance in cancer research, because it can help in the development better diagnostic procedures and treatments for cancer patients. Dr. Navin increased my interest in cancer genetics, because thanks to him I learned more of the genetic processes involved in tumor development, tumor heterogeneity and metastasis. Additionally, under Dr. Navin’s mentoring I learn about cell culture, understanding heatmap and copy number profile.
In Bradley’s case, she was able to live for a year longer other than her diagnosed three months. In Michael Specter’s article, “The Gene Hackers”, he mentions that by making new treatments and experiments people are able to comprehend more about the cells and how they function. Even though “every cancer is a specific personal disease” (Specter 57), it is important to research and test new hypotheses or else it will stay unknown as to what can either help or ruin a person 's recovery. Eric Lander believes that “there will be an enormous chat... it will contain the therapeutic road map of every trick that cancer cells have - how they form and all the ways you can defeat them, and all the ways they can escape and defeat a treatment” (Specter 57).
Waslczak, a cell biologist at Indiana University in Bloomington said “It’s a really nice illustration of how adaptable cells are.” The experiment that led to the discovery began by treating an immortal type of cancer cell with a drug that stimulates apoptosis. The drug was washed away when the cells started dying, however, some of the cells were recovered. Montell also discovered that the cells that essentially “Come back to life” will never go back to their beginning state and will be permanently “scarred” or damaged, with memories of their near-death experiences. For cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, anastasis may not be as good as for healthy cells.
Jeffrey Kluger’s discusses in his article “Why Curing Cancer is Not a ‘Moonshot,’” his opinion on how, and why, the cure for cancer can not be compared to a moonshot. Many Presidents, including Barack Obama and Richard Nixon, have preached about the “war on cancer,”. Many have referred to curing cancer as a moonshot. According to Kluger, a moonshot is not nearly as difficult as curing cancer.
The daily killer of over twenty thousand people and over 7.3 million people a year has heavily affected families all over the world for centuries. Because this disease has over 100 types and has proven lethal for so many men, women, and children everywhere, cancer has earned the the title of being the number one cause of death in the United States and one of the top causes of death in the world as a whole. Many scientists and doctors have tried to solve the medical puzzle that is cancer, but no definite cure has been discovered. However, tons of progress has been made and treatments have changed drastically since before 1950 compared to today. (Paddock 2007)
And I continued to develop throughout my residency, presenting abstracts at CAP and ASCP meetings, being fortunate enough to obtain a travel award for ASCP 2017 meeting. Also, I was also able to contribute to our residency program through my interest in informatics, since I have been actively involved with the maintenance and improvement of our program’s website. I believe that my informatics knowledge will be advantageous in my career as a cytopathologist. In my quest to become a competent cytopathologist, I want to continue to improve my knowledge and diagnostic skills.
If we can use the immune system in our favor then we can be able to stop these mutations from happening uncontrollably. Now, when we look at the environmental aspect of this example we can be able to change the milieu so that the cancer is able to leave the body completely, which is something that doctors are trying to find. A milieu is a person’s extra-cellular fluid environment, more particularly the interstitial fluid, and its physiological capacity to ensure protective stability for the tissues and organs around it. Rather than killing something, we want to be able to grow something that will lead us to our
Molecular analysis is a well-known method and recently used by researchers. Using this
Therefore, trying to find a root of where this cancer is coming from is a quite logical explanation for the extensive research and hard work shown by this author. The author begins this article by introducing an ethos appeal by crediting themselves to membership in the National Cancer Institute. The author then brings in the appeal logos
Aiming to understand these diseases and their increasing rates, I constructed a research analysis paper in eleventh-grade focusing on cancer. Using multiple t-tests I learned
This situation made me study the literature of diagnostic and therapeutic research on cancer. Today after five years of that incidence I reached to a specific molecular level question “How to inhibit the ERK2 in Raf-MEK-ERK pathway to suppress the growth of cancerous cells? ”. I believe, pursuing a graduate program will help me in designing more challenging questions and also will provide a requisite platform to address those
Another key issue is whether or not stem cell research could actually make a meaningful difference in cancer research, while some argue that it could cure cancer, others say it's not worth the time and effort. “Cancer stem cells are the small number of cells within a tumor that drive the tumor's growth. These cells generally make up just 1% to 3% of all cells in a tumor” ("Cancer Stem Cell Research” 1). Figuring out how to stop these stem cell is the first step of finding a cure for cancer, but there are tremendous costs, such as risking the lives of patients with a new experimental tests or drugs. From cancer to complex genetic testing, the issues on stem cell research are a big problem.
