Great material on the history of ancient Iran gives archaeological excavations on its territory: the remains of the oldest Mesolithic and Neolithic settlements and burials, numerous samples of archaic ceramics, the ruins of magnificent palaces, grandiose temples, remains of powerful fortifications Susa, Perselol, Pasargada and Dur-Untash), monumental statues, rock reliefs, articles of precious metals (weapons, ornaments).
The study of the ancient monuments of Iran began with the travels of Europeans. In the first half and middle of the XIX century the decipherment of the Persian and Elamian parts of the Persian royal inscriptions was carried out by the efforts of scientists from different countries of Europe. Already from the XVIII century the design of Iranian science began. European scientists have done a great job of studying the ruins of the largest ancient cities of Iran: Suz, Persepolis, Pasargad, early Persian settlements and royal residences, Median necropolises and treasures, etc. The role of Iranian national archeology is growing.
In ancient times, the ancestors of the Iranians and Indian Indo-Aryans were one people, who are called Proto-Indo-Iranians. They are a branch of the Indo-European family and lived, it is believed, by breeding cattle in the South Russian steppes
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The rooms clustered around the courtyard, often padded with baked bricks. Sometimes in the center of the courtyard was a hearth. The main premises of the apartment house were always located on the south side of the courtyard and were turned to the north by their apertures. One- and two-story houses had flat roofs. On the street, they came out with whitewashed walls and northern apertures. The water was taken from the wells. There were sewer gutters. The residential development was very dense, so the fires here were not rare. There were not enough greenery in the city. Only in the courts of the wealthiest inhabitants grew 2-3 palm