Psychology: the science or study of the mind and behavior; the way a person or group thinks under certain circumstances A. Psychology applications 1. What are the differences between Psychologists and Psychiatrists? Psychiatrists are trained doctors that require some sort of medical degree. They have the ability to prescribe medications as needed, and they spend the majority of their time with patients on medication treatments. Psychologists focus more on psychotherapy and treating emotional and mental misfortune in patients with behavioral arbitrations. Psychologists also complete psychological testing for the patient, which assesses the patients mental state and helps guide the path of the correct treatment option. 2. What are five …show more content…
) Contributor to behaviorism: Ivan Pavlov- Published the results of an experiment on conditioning after originally studying digestion in dogs. Pavlov started from the idea that there are some things that a dog does not need to learn. For example, dogs don’t learn to salivate whenever they see food. This reflex is ‘hard wired’ into the dog. In behaviorist terms, it is an unconditioned response. 6. ) Contributor to Humanism: Carl Sagan- Carl Sagan was a Secular Humanist, which embraces human reason, ethics, social justice, and philosophical naturalism. He, along with his friends and colleagues, worked very diligently to make the tenets of Secular Humanism the default religion of the United States. 7.) Contributor to Psychoanalysis: Karl Abraham: Abraham’s contributions during the early years of the psychoanalytic movement are outstanding. In addition to the Berlin Institute, he edited the Zeitschrift, and was both secretary and president of the International Psychoanalytical Association. 8.) Contributor to Cognitive Psychology: Ulric Neisser: Ulric Neisser was the “father of cognitive psychology” and an advocate for ecological approaches to cognitive research. Neisser was a brilliant synthesizer of diverse thoughts and findings. He was an elegant, clear, and persuasive writer. Neisser was also a relentlessly creative researcher, constantly striving to invent methods to explore important