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Psy 201 Study Guide

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1) Define psychology and trace its historical development. Psychology is the scientific research of the study of the human and animal behavior and mentalities. So in general the study is about how, what and why the human brain functions the way they do. As well as why mental illnesses exist. Psychology is from many other ideas and theories about science that were brought up and put to the world to see. An example is Nicolaus Copernicus, published the idea of the world not being the center of the universe but in fact, revolved around the sun. So overall, as the history of alternative perspectives about science evolve, so did psychology. 2) Explain the three early psychologies. Structuralism, Functionalism and Inheritable traits were three …show more content…

But each of them go into depth with different purposes. Structuralism is a theoretical pattern about thoughts and breaking down the mental process. While behaviorism involves environments being the reason behind behavior. 4) Examine and describe the two influential movements in psychology. Basic science and applied science are the two influential movements in psychology to help animal or human behavior. Basic science has to do more with researching. Having long term goals to help find out more about the brain. While applied science is about discovering more. Using what psychologist already know to help out others. 5) Explain and describe what psychologist do, research and practice. Psychologist observe, analyze and evaluate human and animal behavior. There are many fields of studies that fall into the category of being a psychologist. A couple of the most popular ones are clinical psychologist and counseling psychologist. Each psychologist major have different purposes. But overall are about why our brain functions the way it does and what can be done to help. About 36% percent of psychologist work for an academic institution, 17% percent work for hospitals and clinics. Others work with counseling, schools,

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Psychologist have many roles in the criminal justice system. They are applied scientist, basic scientist, policy evaluator, and advocate. There are three systems within the criminal justice system that psychologist work in that is in law enforcement, courts, and corrections. Each one of these areas have different sections in our legal system. Psychologist doesn’t only study criminals, they also study the individuals inside the system such as the judge, police officers, prison guards, and several others.

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Scientific Era a) Biological roots Charles Darwin’s Evolution Theory Gives the framework of human behaviorism and functionalism. His method of comparison is significant in evolutionary psychology. b) Schools of Psychology Structuralism - the progenitor is Wilhelm Wundt and term coined by Edward Titchner. Wundt belief is that to analyze our own perceptions, there must be introspection. According to structuralists, mental processes are broken down into the sensations, images and feelings.

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Criminal Justice Psychologist The psychologist is a vital asset to the criminal justice system. The psychologist can examine victims, police officials and various witnesses thus making them ethically obligated to make the right decisions and evaluations. This essay will discuss the roles of psychologist as they work within the criminal justice system. I will Identify and describe the psychologists’ roles within the criminal justice system as it pertains to the applied scientist, the basic scientist, the policy evaluator, and the advocate.

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Two young philosophers and an austere took them to the next level in 1879 and that was the start of Psychology. Psychology has been talked about and thought through many times with many different assumptions and theory’s tossed around. It started with structuralism and functionalism, structuralism dealing with the inside senses, functionalism being geared toward sensed being adapted. In 1890 a women by the name of Mary Whiton Calkins became interested as well.

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Psychology: the science or study of the mind and behavior; the way a person or group thinks under certain circumstances A. Psychology applications 1. What are the differences between Psychologists and Psychiatrists? Psychiatrists are trained doctors that require some sort of medical degree. They have the ability to prescribe medications as needed, and they spend the majority of their time with patients on medication treatments. Psychologists focus more on psychotherapy and treating emotional and mental misfortune in patients with behavioral arbitrations.

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The textbook, Psychology: A Journey, 5e written by Dennis Coon & John O. Mitterer, describes the study of psychology to be “the scientific study of overt behavior and mental processes” (Coon, Mitterer; 2014). This means when someone studies psychology, they study both overt and covert behaviors. Overt behaviors include behaviors that can be seen and observed, while covert behaviors include all of the mental behaviors that go on internally. Psychology can also be studied as a science and a profession, some use psychology for research and problem-solving, while some use it to teach students about this study.

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In the science of psychology, an individual can specialize in many different areas within this type of study. For a form of psychology to be considered as a “specialty” it must follow the guidelines that the American Psychological Association, APA, have set. The APA will only recognize a form of psychology if it is counseling, clinical, industrial or organizational, and school psychology. Any that are outside of the following forms of psychology are considered as sub-fields or areas of concentration (Specialties). An example of a specialty within psychology is Neuropsychology.

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These include Sigmund Freud, who formulated psychoanalysis and emphasized the significance of the unconscious mind; Ivan Pavlov, who researched classical conditioning; and B.F. Skinner introduced behaviourism and emphasized the impact of the environment on behaviour. Nowadays, psychology is characterized as the scientific examination of the mind, behaviour, and mental processes. It encompasses a wide range of subfields and perspectives that investigate various aspects of human and animal behaviour. Key terms within psychology include: Mind:

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Major Approaches in Psychology Psychology is a subject which carries out the scientific study of mental processes and behaviour. It also refers to its application in various human spheres; for example, treating mental illness. It focuses on studying the mental processes and behavior of individuals. Psychology marked its journey as a scientific field from the late 19th century. It started with William Wundt, a German scientist, founding the first laboratory dedicated exclusively to psychological research.

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Psychology All ancient traditions have delved into questions concerning the human nature. Day by day psychology is improving upon its quest to make sense of the human experience. It is being used with the intention of contributing well-being in people’s lives. Formally, it is defined as a science which studies mental processes,experiences and behavior in context with their society and culture. Mental Process / States of Awareness / Consciousness: Experiences that are internal to an experiencing person.

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The principles explained by psychology give us a rational basis of understanding of what we and others do. Psychology has been defined in many ways. In ancient days people were analyzing the behavioral aspects on the basis of philosophy. They believed that there is a soul in every individual and this is responsible for all our activities. I could go on and on about this topic forever.

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The Mythology of Psychology Psychology uses the scientific method to conduct experiments. Research scientists start by asking a question and coming up with a hypothesis, and then they begin to collected data. A research scientist uses many different methods in order to collected data (Bawden 2017). Psychology utilizes case studies, surveying, and observations to help measure correlation (Morling 2015). A correlation coefficient is how research scientist measures the strength of a relationship between two variables in the experiment (Bawden 2017).

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I have been interested in psychology for as long as I can remember. I love the idea of being able to understand an individual by studying their behavior and thoughts. From the biological side to the social perspective, psychology feeds my curiosity and keeps me eager to learn more. To know why people act a certain way, or simply why I am the way that I am. Psychology excites me because it allows me to understand not only those around me, but also myself.

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There are four main perspectives in psychology. These are known as; biological perspective, learning perspective, cognitive perspective, and sociocultural perspective. Each perspective aids in the understanding of human behavior. However, not one perspective can explain all of human behaviors. This is due to each perspective playing different roles in ones behavior.

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Let me start by telling you why psychology is a great choice for me. First, it can help people to solve their problems. With just talks,

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