ipl-logo

Archetypes Chapter 6 Study Guide

1381 Words6 Pages

Courtney Peters Chapter 6: Finding mutant phenotypes for cloned genes
1. “Reverse genetics” refers to the process of finding a mutant phenotype for a gene whose DNA sequence is known.
a. What are some of the situations in which the DNA sequence of a gene, and perhaps evidence about its function, can be known before the mutant phenotype is known?
Gene expression can be used to find out the function of a gene before its mutant phenotype as well as genetic screening.
b. Since genome sequences are available for all model organisms and many other species, is the distinction between “reverse genetics” and “forward genetics” still meaningful? If so, how is this useful?
I do believe it is still meaningful as there is a distinction between both reverse and forward genetics. As not …show more content…

What are these two core components and what are their functions? Since the specific molecules used to perform the functions may vary or better versions may be developed, recognizing their functions is essential to understanding the basis for CRISPR.
The first core components of the CRISPR-Cas9 system are an endonuclease Cas9 containing two catalytic nuclease domains and a single guide RNA (sgRNA). CRISPR/Cas9 can be used to generate knock-out cells or animals by co-expressing a gRNA specific to the gene to be targeted and the endonuclease Cas9. The genomic target can be any 20 nucleotide DNA sequence, provided it meets two conditions, sequence is unique compared to the rest of the genome and the target is current directly upstream of a Protospacer Adjacent Motif (PAM). Second CRISPR locus which is involved in genetic memory. b. What are some of the similarities and differences between CRISPR and the Crelox technique described in the chapter? Similarities- both are tools for directing modification to a specific DNA sequence within the organism
Differences- CRISPR identifies and alters any selected site in the present genome. While, Cre-LoxP must be inserted into the

Show More
Related
850 Words | 4 Pages

CRISPR makes it easy to “turn off” a specific gene at a time to see what it does, and it can introduce mutations to treat cancer or find out if people are predisposed to things such as obesity and diabetes. Michael Page uses rhetorical devices such as ethos, logos and pathos to elucidate the pros and cons of genetically

Read More
440 Words | 2 Pages

The Times Talk's topic this time around was CRISPR-Cas9. CRISPR-Cas9 is a widely used genome editing technique that is already widely used in laboratory studies. This means that it can easily alter an organism's DNA, almost like a computer can edit a word in a document. CRISPR-Cas9 has many uses, including but not limited to: drug development, animal models, genetic variation, materials, food, fuel, and genetic surgery. Rewriting DNA means that we can finally fix flawed genes in people, which opens up the door for treating, or potentially curing diseases.

Read More
691 Words | 3 Pages

Last summer I volunteered in the stroke rehabilitation unit of my local hospital, Hamilton General. I helped patients practice verbal and non-verbal communication, as well as physical activity. It was incredibly rewarding to see how hospital staff, families and even members of the community come together to help people become functional again. Improving and maintaining health is crucial to enjoying life—and being a part of that process for someone else would be extremely rewarding. One of the projects I am interested in is “Validation of Functional CTCF Deletions from Large Scale Non-coding CRISPR Screen”.

Read More
1077 Words | 5 Pages

“CRISPR” (pronounced “crisper”) stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, which are the hallmark of a bacterial defense system that forms the basis for CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology. CRISPR should be used in the future because it can help save lives. In the field of genome engineering, the term “CRISPR” or “CRISPR-Cas9” is often used loosely to refer to the various CRISPR-Cas9 and -CPF1, (and other) systems that can be programmed to target specific stretches of genetic code and to edit DNA at precise locations, as well as for other purposes, such as for new diagnostic tools. With these systems, researchers can permanently modify genes in living cells and organisms and, in the future, may make it possible to correct mutations at precise locations in the human genome in order to treat genetic causes of disease. Other systems are now available, such as CRISPR-Cas13’s, that target RNA provide alternate avenues for use, and with unique characteristics that have been leveraged for sensitive diagnostic tools, such as

Read More
848 Words | 4 Pages

The first step is to be aware of the problem by understanding the minimum wage vs housing wage in your city. Is there a notable difference? What is the amount of hours worked at minimum wage to acquire the housing wage in the city? This questions are important to answer before you drive into the root cause of the problem. The second step is to understand the foundation and consequences of the underlying affordable housing crisis.

Read More
1210 Words | 5 Pages

According to the World Health Organization, genetic disorders affect one in every twenty-five children born worldwide. We humans, along with all other known organisms, possess genes in our cells that determine everything about how we look and function. Occasionally, an organism may inherit a faulty gene, causing it to have one or several detrimental characteristics known as genetic disorders. This may also occur due to environmental factors that the organism is exposed to, such as ultraviolet radiation, which damage its genes and cause alterations in them when they repair. The recent discovery of CRISPR-Cas9, or simply CRISPR, a defense system against viruses in bacteria, has presented the possibility of gene-editing in a way that is faster,

Read More
1205 Words | 5 Pages

#1 CRISPR, also known as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, is a gene editing technology which enables researchers to change the DNA of any organism. It is used by bacteria to protect themselves from infection by viruses ie used in yogurt and cheese to prevent growth of viruses which would infect the yogurt culture. Unlike other gene editing technology, CRISPR not only presents a new way of altering the DNA sequence, but it is also a cheaper alternative and it takes lesser time to achieve similar outcomes. Due to its many functions and it being easier to use, researchers are coming up with ideas of using it to make changes to human genes to eliminate diseases in the genetic system, create plants that are more resistant

Read More
716 Words | 3 Pages

Gene therapy has gained attention during the last 25 years as it offers great promise for curing genetic diseases, but there are also risks that come with the manipulation of the genes of an entire multicellular organism. The technology for genetic modification has been around since the 1970s, but today new research on a Cas9 protein may be the key to refine the process. The first simple, chimeric recombinant DNA (recDNA) experiment was completed by Cohen and Boyer in 1972 when they successfully inserted a mammalian rRNA gene into the pSC101 E coli plasmid. They used the endonuclease, or restriction enzyme, EcoRI to remove a specific gene from the DNA of an African clawed toad by severing the DNA at specific nucleotide sequences, called cleavage recognition sites. The DNA fragment was then added to a solution of E coli plasmids, which were also treated with EcoRI, and DNA ligase was added to form bonds between the mammalian fragments and bacterial plasmids, producing transgenic recDNA.

Read More
1202 Words | 5 Pages

CRISPR, like most developing biotechnologies, has been evaluated on a philosophical level and this section will work to find and organize what current philosophers and bioethicists are stating about CRISPR. By looking into the works of Baumann, Heidari, and Charo what bioethics see as major benefits to CRISPR along with the ethical issues surrounding CRISPR will be understood. The first philosopher whose viewpoint I will itemize is that of Baumann, I will delve into her fears along with the benefits she sees with regard to CRISPR. One of the many advantages of CRISPR Baumann asserted is the ease of the technology as “several modifications can be performed simultaneously in one genome,” an ease that “opens up the possibility of treating complex

Read More
866 Words | 4 Pages

CRISPR gets a species related to the species that has gone extinct and then the genetically modify it. The end result of CRISPR is a species close to what it was but not completely the same. CRISPR is also cheaper than it was before, wich is great if we want to revive multiple species. The article Bringing extinct species back from the dead could hurt—not help—conservation efforts states, “The cost of caring for a population of resurrected mammoths, for instance, should be similar to the cost of caring for the endangered Asian elephant.” Nevertheless, there are downsides to De-extinction.

Read More
1093 Words | 5 Pages

The author’s purpose is to set some guidelines for CRISPR research in order to progress the technology while including everyone in on the conversation . The authors write in a formal tone for policy makers and people who are interested in the CRISPR

Read More
754 Words | 4 Pages

Gene therapy

Read More
1104 Words | 5 Pages

Cancer, heart disease, blood disorders, nerve disorders, and many more genetic diseases are affecting millions of people around the world. The more society advances, the more degenerate diseases are affecting the citizens. For a number of years researchers have been searching for cures. With new developments in gene editing, treatments for many diseases are just around the corner. Gene editing with new technology, CRISPR, matches with a specific gene and splits the protein.

Read More
2323 Words | 10 Pages

Many issues have also been raised in regards of the acceptance of this technology. Concerns from ethical issues to lack of knowledge on the effects genetic engineering could have. One major concern is that once an altered gene is placed in an organism, the process cannot be reversed. Public reaction to the use of DNA in genetic engineering has been mixed. The production of medicines through the use of genetically altered organisms has generally been welcomed.

Read More
1379 Words | 6 Pages

This is the most simplest way to define genetic engineering so that any person will understand the concept. Personal view on genetic engineering The general idea of genetic engineering where they can remove genetic diseases from an unborn baby to ensure that it is healthy when giving birth is a good thing to have to ensure a healthy new generation. The enhancing of fruits and vegetables and other foods with to certify that they have a richer flavour and longer shelf life in the markets, is needed otherwise the demand for fresh food is going to be high over a short period. Genetic screening is good in terms of determining if the foetus has a terminal illness which can be treated, but then deciding if the foetus has the right ta a life is wrong, every living organism has the right to life even if it has a virus or illness.

Read More

More about Archetypes Chapter 6 Study Guide

Related Topics

Open Document