Are Viruses Dependable On Host Cells
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Viruses are capsules with genetic material inside. They are very tiny, much smaller than bacteria. Viruses cause familiar infectious diseases such as the common cold, flu and warts. They also cause severe illnesses such as HIV/AIDS,
These viruses include the following: herpes, measles, fowl pox, mumps, and equine encephalitis. It was said that Henrietta’s cells helped launch the field of virology. The book also mentions how viruses reproduce by injecting some of their genetic material into a living cell, essentially reprogramming the living cell so it reproduces the virus instead of itself which is a concept we have learned this semester (Skloot, Location
A virus is an infective agent that usually consists of a protein coat with a nucleic acid molecule. Viruses do not reproduce through asexual reproduction. Instead, they attach themselves to the cells in their victim’s body to create more viruses. Over the years, vaccines for certain viruses have been created to help humans combat them. However, for viruses such as Ebola, there have been no drugs approved to cure them.
•The influenza infection is extremely infectious: When a contaminated individual coughs, wheezes or talks, respiratory droplets are produced and transmitted into the air, and can then can be breathed in by someone close-by. •A person who touches something with the infection on it and afterward touches his or her mouth, eyes or nose can get to be contaminated. •An influenza pandemic, for example, the one in 1918, happens when a particularly harmful new flu strain for which there 's practically no immunity shows up and spreads rapidly from individual to-individual around the world.
What are viruses? An infective agent that typically consists of a DNA acid molecule in a protein coat, is too small to be seen by a microscope, and is able to multiply only within the living cells of a host; viruses are smaller than any infectious bacterial particles. Viruses rely on the host cells they infect to reproduce. While outside of host cells, viruses are protein coats or capsids, sometimes inside a layer of film.
1. A viruses is a non-living infection agent and can be found anywhere. it has no cell organelles. They are eliminated by the immune system. Viruses are the smallest in size of all the microbes.
In the articles, “The Deadliest Virus” by Michael Spector and “Out of the Wild” by David Quammen the viruses present can destroy the human race, but if the scientists can find a cure in time the virus can be stopped before they take over the world. These two articles have a lot of similar principles; however, the articles are different too. The authors use some of the same rhetorical patterns to develop their arguments, but they also use some unique to their own to take their arguments to the next level. The first article “The Deadliest Virus,” the virus H51N is discovered and explained.
Influenza was a deadly virus that killed millions of people around the world back in 1918. The virus of influenza has eight genes with no fix structure, and the segment structure can change the virus fragmentation endlessly. The virus is independent and can replicate rapidly once it gets into your lungs which can the air pathway and the infected person would drown in their own body. People with the virus can spread it by coughing, sneezing, and sometimes people might touch a surface which has the virus on it and touch their mouth or nose without properly washing it. The virus has eight genes.
The argument that all viruses are deadly is incorrect. In the Hot Zone, Preston explained how Ebola and Marburg caused an epidemic that killed over hundreds of people and animals. In the novel, Preston also mentions smallpox and malaria. Being diseases, there are cures for all of them which overtime will eventually prove to be not deadly. Although hundreds of lives were lost against the virus, there came a cure later on.
Historians believed that the virus had something to do with the Plague of Athens and the Antonian Plague. Consequently, the disease had reached Africa and Asia (Greenspan, 2015). The variola virus enters the nose, attacks the lungs, and invade the cell’s body. Unlike any other virus, variola
Human or animal body’s immune system evolves to protect it from viruses. Whether the swine flu virus also evolves to make him better and worst for his host. Trade helps Swine flu to increase,nfluenza is a zoonotic disease – one humans can catch from animals. Its history parallels the rise of domestication of livestock and increase in trade. As poultry and pig production has intensified, increased in scale and become an international trade commodity, the frequency and severity of influenza outbreaks in birds and pigs have also increased.
The host of the virus was a monkey. 3. Why didn't the host of the virus die? The host virus didn’t die because the host was immune to the virus.
The viruses quick mutation, airborne qualities and short incubation period heightens the difficulties in containing the disease. Furthermore, animals are able to hold the virus in unknown reservoirs without falling ill.
Records of influenza symptoms date back thousands of years, with many massive outbreaks such as the 1918 Spanish flu and the 2009 Swine flu pandemic along the way. Scientists have been searching for a cure for years, but even through modern medicine, the fight against influenza continues. The structure, replication process, and limitations on modern medicine are just a few factors that keep influenza spreading across the world every year. Influenza is a special kind of microbe known as a virus. It is round and significantly smaller than its microbe counterparts such as bacteria, archaea, and eukaryota.
In an immunologically naïve host, viruses attach to the host cells (Tortora, & Funke, 2013). Adaptive immunity is slower to respond than innate immunity it does have a memory component is a function of the immunological system. The immunological system is able to recognize specific antigens and react in such a way that the host generates antibody-mediated immunity (AMI), cell-mediated immunity (CMI), or both. Adaptive immunity is the body’s third line of defense. An example is lymphocytes (T cells and B cells).
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