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Zareef Peeroo Tim Bailey October 15, 2014 Athenians vs. Spartans The differences between government, the role of women, and the education status of Athens and Sparta led to similar yet very different societies residing in the same area; therefor I will deconstruct these issues using an analytical comparative framework. In, Athens and Sparta, it shows all the differences between the Athenians and the Spartans. Although the two City States shared a common heritage, their differences grew so large in their own minds that they were ultimately willing to engage in a life-and-death struggle to support their separate realities (Spielvogel).
The Spartans reverence to Lycurgus’s laws help set up a society base on militarism and conservative values. They as a society denying full social and political equality to all men, who allowed females, have social equality. The system in which Lycurgus left the Spartans denied both a democracy and a chance of a tyrant to gain control over the Spartans.
Pathos is used as a tool of conveying a writer’s viewpoint through an emotional response. Throughout this short text, it is clear that the author of the Athenian Oath is using the reader's sense of patriotism to deliver his or her message. If the reader was not a citizen of a democratic community such that of both ancient Greece and the United States, then the reader would have a hard time understanding the importance of working together and forming a strong community. The author knows that the audience of the text are the citizens of Athens, and in Maxwell’s case, the person who decided to display this message on the wall understands that this message will reach those who live in the United States. Citizens of both unions revert back to times
The government in ancient Athens was governed by a radical democratic system from 508-322 B.C. and was very different in its size and how the system allowed all males to participate in the government. The Peloponnesian War effected their government when the oligarchy party overthrew the democracy and replaced it with the modern regime of the Five Thousand. Athenians spent almost 100 year fighting to restore democracy and defeat the Spartans and their allies the Persians. Their style of government goes back even before the Peloponnesian War around the time of 620 B.C. Before the Peloponnesian War, there was a man by the name of Draco. Draco gave the people of Athens a law code of which citizens had to listen to.
Both the city states of Greece and the Roman Empire had distinctly different and yet powerful political systems. Both systems influenced many civilizations and empires and were respected by existing societies. In greece, most notably in Athens, a form a government never seen before was put in to play; Democracy. The democracy in Athens was a system of government unique to Athens and founded by the teachings and knowledge of Cleisthenes. Democracy was an early system of representative government, where the citizens of Athens elected officials to rule.
2000 BCE was a major turning point in most societies as civilizations started to unify. As these civilizations grew, law codes were commonly introduced by their leaders. Politically law codes determined punishments and helped provide a base for the government. They affected economies by regulating trade, introducing currency, and enforcing taxes. There was also a distinct separation of gender and social status outlined in the law codes.
In 590 BCE Athenians were suffering from debt and famine throughout Athens. The government and economy were also weak causing distress all over Athens. Draco writing the first written law code in Athens was the initiating event that brought democracy to Athens. In 621 BCE Draco wrote the law code in order to ease discontent in Athens since there was no previous law code. Unfortunately the law code was too harsh on the people of Athens, which caused more trouble amongst the people.
Have you ever heard of Mesopotamia? Well if you didn’t know what is , it’s an area located between the Tigris and Euphrates river, which is present day Iraq. The king of Mesopotamia is name is Hammurabi. Hammurabi had a code of laws for his nation. These laws were mainly punishments for those who didn’t follow the laws.
In this essay, i will compare and contrast ancient Greek’s various form of governance ranging from Monarchy, aristocracy, tyranny, oligarchy and democracy. Monarchy Greek city –States practiced monarchies form of government, this is a type of government ruled by a single person, usually the king with the help of council of advisors and his powers were hereditary, the king has absolute power and citizens have no say in their governments. He usually retain his political power for life and his eldest son ( the prince) succeeds him on the throne.
One of the defining Greek institutions that came out of this system was the rule of law, which most of the major cities followed their own version of it. “Aristotle and his students apparently documented the constitutions of of some 170 different city-states.”. The rule of law helped establish a unifying order among the polis’ and sense conformity that created a national understanding of civil order. Although not a law, a critical component of greek values was Xenia, their hospitality. Xenia was a concept known throughout the Aegean according to Homer, as it can be seen throughout the Odyssey, from Alcinous promising Odyssey that since “you have reached my house I doubt not you will get home without further misadventure no matter how much you have suffered in the past.
I believe that ancient Athens was not a true democracy. In a democracy all of the people are able to vote, and have a choice on who runs their city. In ancient Athens only the men were able to vote. Their government was Demokratia, and this excluded the women, the children, the metics, and the slaves. Even though their government was ran by the people themselves, only the men in the city could vote.
Athenian law court speeches give great insight into the citizens who made up the jury. They were at the centre of Athenian democracy, yet all modern information concerning the jury and their preferences rely almost entirely on what we see in law courts. By examining which techniques were used regularly in law court speeches, a picture of what appealed to the jury and the type of people it was made up of can be constructed. While it is hard to assess certain techniques impressiveness to the jury as it is rare to know for certain which speeches are successful, their repetition across decades indicates they were popular techniques. The jury’s capacity to understand and remember the material presented, their role in the larger Athenian democracy
According to Socrates perspective, the democracy of Athens was corrupt and even though they courts were made in such a way that everyone was judged fairly, it wasn’t such because there were no rules or principles set forth. When a person was brought to court in the Athenian court and the person spoke against the jurors or offended them, he or she could be prosecuted based on that. In summary, judgment was passed based on emotion rather than on justice. In the Apology, Socrates stated, “my present request seems a just one, for you to pay no attention to my manner of speech-
In the expected way, government in the ancient Greek world used diverse forms and, across dissimilar city-states and over many centuries, political power could rest in the hands of a single individual: for example, monarchies, tyrants, the oligarchies and
the idea of representative government began to take root in some city states, specifically Athens. Athenian reformers moved toward democracy, rule by the people. In Athens citizens participated directly in political decision making. However there were limitations on citizenship to ensure that only the most rational people were able to vote. Through the construction of democracy in Athens, equality of all citizens became greater, and the city would become the top democracy of all the democracies.
