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Background Of Autism Essay

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Autism
Background, Etiology, and Epidemiology The term autism was first coined in the year 1911 by Eugen Bleuler and was used to describe schizophrenic patients who were particularly withdrawn. In 1943, the first comprehensive description of autism was released by Leo Kanner.1 Over the next few decades, extensive research was performed and the definition of autism began to be molded into what is known today. Autism was officially added to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders in 1980. Autism has been linked to neurodevelopmental causes, but the exact etiology has not yet been discovered. Environmental exposure to various substances and certain infections including rubella infection, organophosphates, and misoprostol have been associated with increased rates of autism and autism spectrum disorders.2 Considerable research has been performed proving the genetic basis of autism. Despite these findings, many isolated cases of autism have also been reported, supporting the fact that there are many components that lead to the development of this condition.3 With continued research and further understanding of the causes of autism, the mechanism of the condition can be better understood, improving diagnosis and treatment. …show more content…

Occurrence is likely increasing due to a deeper understanding and awareness of the condition as well as more defined diagnostic criteria.4 The National Survey of Children’s Health released a report in 2012 that claimed that the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders was as high as 1 in 50 children in ages ranging from 6 to 17 years old. The occurrence of autism is four times greater in males than in females, the reason for this discrepancy is yet to be known. Higher rates of autism have also been seen in the siblings of those with

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In spite of different sides on this debate there are those who take the opportunity to help with research to get to the bottom of autism. In the article “A voice for science” by Meredith Wadman interviews Alison Singer. Singer who is the founder of the foundation Autism Science Foundation (ASF), “a tiny New York Based charity with a relentless focus on rigorous science, a niche supporting the youngest researchers and a guiding principle that “vaccines save lives; they do not cause autism”. (Wadman) She also grew up with autistic brother, and also felt the stigma attached to autism, “Singer’s mother, who had been told she was to blame for Steven’s condition, instructed her daughter to tell people that she had just one, younger, brother.

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