Beta Agonist

As respiratory therapist we will have the ability to deliver three types of bronchodilators depending on symptoms the patient is displaying or as a maintenance drug in diseases like COPD, emphysema and cystic fibrosis. It is vital that we know which medication works best in each circumstance.
Beta-agonists are medications that use the beta-2 receptors in our airway in order to help smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation. The beta-agonists primarily affect the bronchioles (small airways). These medications are usually given by inhalations, pills, tablets and intravenously, but most frequently by inhalation due to less side-effects. Beta-2 agonists are used as short acting (reliever) and long acting (maintenance) beta agonists. This means

These medications block the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the brain. This helps the smooth muscle in the body to stop from tightening up which would make the airway narrower. There are two different types of anticholinergic medications short acting and long acting. The short acting and long acting anticholinergic inhaler or a nebulizer delivers medications. The short acting medications normally work in 15 minutes and can last 6-8 hours. Short acting anticholinergics are not considered relief medications because they normally take longer to work than our beta-agonist medications. Though the lists of short acting anticholinergics are short these medications are great for people with COPD. They have fewer side effects than beta-agonist drugs and they are good bronchodilators. The long acting anticholinergic drug takes about 20 minutes to work and can last up to 24 hours, although it is thought of as a “reliever” it’s long lasting effects would make it an excellent maintenance drug for patients with COPD

It is also said that theophylline may help decrease swelling in the lungs. Theophylline when used stimulates the muscles so that they can relax, which makes the breathing tubes larger that way patients can breathe easier. Similar to the beta-agonist and anticholinergic medications theophylline have a short acting and long acting medication. Short acting theophylline medications last 6-12 hours, while the long acting medication last 24 hours. This medication only comes in tablet form and should be taken at the same time daily. Theophylline does not work right away and should never be used as a quick relief medicine or inhaler. A patient should always use a beta-agonist to help alleviate sudden onset shortness of breath. This is primarily used as a maintenance drug for patients who have trouble breath caused by an ongoing lung disease. Theophylline should only be used as prescribed due to the potential serious side-effects, and should be monitored regularly after