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Discrimination cases in the 20th century
Case of racial profiling by the police
Case of racial profiling by the police
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Discussion The court will most likely find that Nick Spears is guilty of driving while intoxicated under Texas penal code. In Texas, a defendant can be convicted of driving while intoxicated if the defendant is (1) intoxicated while (2) operating (3) a motor vehicle and in a (4) public place Tex. Code Ann. §49.04 (Vernon 2011). Although there are some exceptions in the definition of each element of this rule, Spears does not fall under any of those exceptions.
United States v. Place, 462 U.S. 696 (1983) Capsule Summary: Seizing a person’s luggage for an extended period until a warrant is obtained violates the Fourth Amendment as beyond the limits of a Terry stop, but, a sniff by a narcotics dog does not constitute a search for Fourth Amendment purposes. Facts: The respondent Raymond Place was stopped by Federal Agents (DEA) upon his arrival into LaGuardia Airport on a Friday afternoon. The respondent refused to consent to the search of his luggage. His luggage was seized by the agents under suspicion they contained narcotics. The respondent was informed the agents would be obtaining a search warrant from a judge.
Robert Jordan, along with 500 others, took a written test for consideration to be a police officer in one of several cities and towns in southeastern Connecticut on March 16, 1996 (Jordan v. City of New London, 1999). The test was administered by “LEC” which is the Law Enforcement Council of Southeastern Connecticut, Inc. (Jordan v. City of New London, 1999). For the participating police departments, this test was used as an initial screener for likely candidates (Jordan v. City of New London, 1999). This written test utilized the Wonderlic Personnel Test and Scholastic Level Exam (WPT), which claim to gage cognitive aptitude (Jordan v. City of New London, 1999). This test actually came with a handbook that showcased recommended scores for particular jobs such a police officer and warned that higher scores needed for a job could prevent that opportunity (Jordan v. City of New London, 1999).
People of the State of New York v. Jennifer Jorgensen was criminal court case that went to the Court of Appeals in New York. Judge Pigott gives his/her opinion. Jennifer Jorgensen was 34 weeks on the date of the crime. Defendant was under the influenced of both drugs and alcohol. Jorgensen was driving under the influence on Whiskey Road in Suffolk County.
The case of Jordan v. City of New London and Harrigan (1999) centers around Jordan bringing a civil rights action against the city and Harrington alleging that they denied him equal protection in violation of the Fourteenth Amendment and Article 4, Section 20, of the Connecticut Constitution (Jordan v. City of New London, 2000). The facts as presented to the court are that Jordan and 500 other police applicants voluntarily took the applicant screening examination for being a police officer in the state Connecticut in early 1996. The testing material included the Wonderlic Personnel Test and Scholastic Level Exam (WPT), which purports to measure cognitive ability. An accompanying manual listed recommended scores for various professions and
United States v. Lopez was the first United States Supreme Court case since the New Deal to set limits to Congress's power under the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution. The issue of the case was that It exceeded to the power of Congress which had no say over it because the case had nothing to do with commerce or any sort of economic activity. The case United States v. Lopez involved Alfonzo Lopez Jr., Supreme Court Justice William H. Rehnquist, and Congress. Unites States v. Lopez was about a 12th grader named
Before taking a look at this case, think about the following questions. Do students have the same rights under the 4th amendment as adults? , What are students’ rights while being searched on school grounds?, and What guidelines do administrators and teachers need to follow as a result of New Jersey v. T.L.O? The case of New Jersey vs T.L.O involved two freshmen high schoolers who were caught using narcotics in the restroom by a teacher. The teacher took the students to the principal who then asked the students about the incident.
Igor Tutelman Bryan Ashkettle AP US Government 2 November 2015 District of Columbia v. Heller In San Diego, California on August 2, 2009 several members of the Lincoln Park gang opened fire on a rival gang in a drive-by shooting. Among these Lincoln Park members was David Leon Riley. After the shooting, Riley and his crew got in his Oldsmobile and fled the scene. Not one month later Riley was driving a different vehicle and was pulled over for having expired tags, this along with the fact that his license was suspended gave police the authority and obligation to impound the car and take Riley in. When a vehicle is impounded police perform a search to inventory everything in the vehicle to protect against future liability cases and to check
T.L.O. Vs The State of New Jersey Persuasive Essay This is a case about a High School student’s Fourth Amendment rights being violated. The Fourth Amendment states that the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. Do students have a right to personal privacy when caught breaking school rules?
"We must learn to live together as brothers, or we will parish as fools" (Martin Luther King Jr). That is what was said from one of the most experienced leaders, at during a very judgmental time. Martin Luther King Jr was just one of the many men that changed America. During this time, there was a lot of harassment towards blacks. They were not considered as an equal people.
Can be separate but equal? The supreme court thought so in 1892.Just before The Supreme court decided this the 14th amendment was passed. It stated that “all persons born or naturalized in the United States”(The United States Constitution) were considered citizens. In the next coming years tension grew as African Americans soon found out that their separate stations were not equal to the white stations. Homer Plessy was the first to stand up and voice his opinion.
Humans cannot live in the water and fish cannot live on land, for neither has the necessary features to survive in the other’s environment. Form dictates function, which is necessitated by situation. Since the internet makes access to answers nearly ubiquitous, it is easy to believe that situation disappears under the search bar. To agree with those who celebrate now as the age of democratized information. However, if these celebrations are justified, then why is citing Wikipedia problematic?
Mattias Reyes had confessed to the crime and was found guilty. But the damages were already done. The five men filed a lawsuit against New York city for malicious prosecution, emotional distress, and racial discrimination according to the article “The Central Park Five: Crime, Coverage, and Settlement” (1). The men won the case and were awarded $41 million dollars giving one million dollars to each man for each year they served in prison.
Citizens of New York saw the zero-tolerance policy as taken out of context. Former Mayor Giuliani was enforcing that police take all crimes seriously. Police would have had to enforce minor offenses as serious as major offenses, which would not be fair to citizens. “Late in Giuliani's first term, the broken-windows approach morphed into zero tolerance” (Rosen 26).
Some politicians say cities have become much safer because of the success of the criminal justice system. Jacoby says, “To ease the pressure, nearly all convicted felons are released early -- or not locked up at all.” 58 percent of all murders and 98 percent of all burglaries not result in a prison term. Most of these convicted criminals are on the streets without parole supervision or
