The Brown v. Board of Education was a supreme court case which took place in 1954. Before this event happened, in 1865 when the Civil War just ended, United States passed the Thirteens Amendments, which declare the end of slavery and Fourteens Amendments which give the all the freed slaves and African Americans the equal protection by laws. Though the Amendments stopped the slavery and admit the equal rights of all people, African Americans still faced inequality and segregation which mean that white and African Americans could not ride the same bus, go to a same school. This law is recognized as Jim Crow Law.
In 1892, an African American men called Homer Plessy sited at the White-only train section and refused to go sit at the Black-only train section. Because Plessy violate the rules of segregation, he was arrested. In the court, Plessy defended himself by stating that to force him to be segregated violates the Thirteens and Fourteens Amendments which gives him the equal protection by the laws. His case then made it all the way up to Supreme Court of United States. However, in judging this case, most of the judges believes that it should be rules against Plessy because the segregation does not violate the Thirteens Amendments. In the end, the court, considering the Fourteens Amendments, withhold to the segregate
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Board of Education is called Belton vs Gebhart. The parents in Claymount were frustrated with the inequality between the African American school and White School. Just like the other cases, African American Children were denied to white school, therefore, the parents sued the school for this inequality. The judged agreed to this inequality and enforced the “separated but equal” rule to the school. While the parents won this case, the final decision was not what they wanted: The court still holds on to the “separated but equal” rule instead of abolishing segregation and rejecting the “separated but equal”