When a school has specific knowledge of a student’s violent disciplinary record, the school has received constructive notice of the impending harm. In Wood, there was enough to establish breach of duty because the school had been put on notice by the aggressor’s two year long violent disciplinary record. Wood v. Watervliet City Sch. Dist., 815 N.Y.S.2d 360, 362 (2006). For example, in the months leading up to the event, the attacker fought a student in the school cafeteria and threw a chair against the wall of a classroom. The court reasoned that this was constructive notice, and that the school should have intervened when an incident involving the student broke out because they were aware of his “assaultive behavior.” In MacCormack, however,