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Chapter 3 Of Aristotle's Rhetoric

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Summary: In Book 1 Chapter 3 of Aristotle’s Rhetoric, the author explains the three divisions of oratory, which are politically speaking, forensic speaking, and ceremonial oratory of display. The three divisions deal with different issues. Political speaking persuades the audience to do something or dissuade them against something. It is concerned possible outcomes in the future, whether it is good or bad, of the action. The other type of oratory is forensic speaking. It is used by the parties in the law-case to attack or defend someone that had done something in the past. Forensic speaking is concerned with the just or unjust of the action. Last but not least, ceremonial oratory of display praises or criticizes someone in the present. It
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In Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle argues that the human good is the soul’s activity that expresses virtue. Aristotle concludes this from an invalid argument. On the one hand I do agree that the activity expressing virtue is a requirement for the human good. But on the other hand, I insist that the human good is a state and not an action. By modifying this argument, I believe we can reach a new conclusion that will help us better understand what Aristotle meant by these concepts.

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The most effective oratory techniques displayed during this debate were the use of pathos, and logos. Both groups were able to use pathos, or emotions, to defend their arguments. For example, a lower-class Athenian man stated that although the Periclean Building

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The book is full of speechwriting teachings for public speakers. In particular, it is based on the knowledge of the past such as Aristotle’s logos, pathos, and ethos concepts, and yet tailored for contemporary public speakers with a broad range of references to day-to-day persuasive instances (Heinrichs 231). Besides being highly informative, Jay Heinrichs’ book (Chapters 1 to 10) is also hilarious and dynamic. As earlier mentioned, the book covers the central rhetorical lessons of both Cicero and Aristotle. However, the author further cites fresh examples, centers on workplace, cultural, marketing and political references.

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From beginning to end, Aristotle’s captivating reading, Crito, is composed with of the three rhetorical devices: logos, pathos, and ethos. Consequentialy, one of the existent rhetorical devices is more robust than the others. Whilst logos and pathos spawn well-founded emotional and logical enticement, the most indisputable rhetorical device used throughout the story is ethos. Undoubtably, ethos is the utmost evident rhetorical device in the story, Crito, as Socrates honorably stood by his morals, even after Crito tried to prompt the man to abandon them; demonstrating his thickness of character, integrity, and honesty.

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The philosopher Aristotle, the master of rhetoric sat a fundamental elements and strategies to make the speech great. He said that rhetoric is based on three appeals; the first one logical appeal or "logos" which means the use of logic. This appeal uses evidence, reasoning, stablished facts, and statistics to construct a good argument and convince the audience. The second is emotional appeal or "pathos" which means the use of emotions, and imagination to invoke the audience’s feelings and influence them. Although this appeal is very effective, it sometimes can be tricky.

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Comparing Aeschylus and Aristotle Rhetoric The readings of Aeschylus and Aristotle are called “The Eumenides” and “Rhetoric” respectively. “The Eumenides” is about Athena trying to save Athens from the Furies using rhetoric. While “Rhetoric” is about how rhetoric is useful, dialectic, which is trying to find the truth is very important too. These readings talk how rhetoric is critical for persuasion and “The Eumenides” shows persuasion in an example while “Rhetoric” just talks about persuasion.

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In chapter one of Aristotle, he states rhetoric is counterpart of dialectic. Rhetoric is public speaking of persuading, whereas Dialectic is private with dialogues designed to uncover the truth. However, each are both the methodologies in a rhetoric forms. He believes that rhetoric is useful in four main reasons. First, Aristotle states that “things are true and the other things are just use their natural tendency to against their opposite side” (180).

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On September 11th, 2001, a group of terrorists led airplane attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon (Merskin 375). The American government would eventually blame the attacks on terrorists of “Arab/Middle Eastern descent,” an American enemy that, according to Debra Merskin, had been well in place since the Gulf War of 1991 (Merskin 375). Given this, when Bush delivers his speech on the morning of the attacks, it is important to keep in mind that an enemy is already firmly in place (though the President does not explicitly identify the enemy). Further, it is crucial that we note George Bush’s credibility prior to the attacks. Bligh, Kohles and Meindl remark that, “Despite earlier doubt in the President’s tenure regarding voting scandals,

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Rhetoric is a way of speaking in a persuasive way to create an impact on the audience or have them think the same way as the speaker. The three main strategies of rhetoric speech is ethos, pathos, and logos. Ethos meaning the speaker is dwelling upon themselves, pathos meaning the speaker is using imagination to create emotion, and logos meaning facts and logic is used by the speaker to persuade the audience. Socrates used logos in a way that helped him exhibit an effective speech to prove which type of knowledge is worth knowing. In spite of this claim, Socrates was truly only showing the court that he really did not know much more than his name.

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In the tale Gorgias by Plato, Socrates debates with four colleagues on what is rhetoric. To be able to answer if rhetoric is based on nature or convention you must first ask the question, what is rhetoric? Rhetoric stated by Socrates is the skill of making speeches (448d). Gorgias states that rhetoricians have the power of persuasions (452e). Rhetoric is having the power to persuade people in changing their opinion threw the power of speeches.

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Aristotle was born in Macedonia and was an Ancient Greek philosopher who made significant contributions on theater, biology, physics, mathematics, metaphysics, logic, agriculture, dance and medicine (Kant 87). He was one of the students of Plato and further took Socrates studies. In comparison to Socrates and Plato, Aristotle was more empirical minded and composed, in such a way that he rejected theories that were proposed by Plato. Aristotle transformed people as polymath and prolific writers as a result of the different concepts of knowledge he argued. Due to his wide knowledge and application of different concepts Aquinas refereed Aristotle as the Philosopher (Kant 88).

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While Shakespeare uses rhetoric to create art, Iago uses it to cause destruction and pain. Shakespeare’s Othello can be used as a means of exploring the dangerous power of rhetoric and gaining insight into the ethical role it

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Aristotle in Book Z, chapter three of Metaphysics is attempting to answer the question, ‘what is substance’ or better, what is the determinant of something that qualifies it as a substance. Aristotle begins this chapter by outlining several possibilities of what this determinant could be. These possibilities are the essence, the universal, the genus, and the primary underlying subject. For example, if something is a substance then the particular substance of this would be; the essence of it, the universal predicated of it, the genus that it belongs to, or the subject of which it is predicated. The first three are examined in various chapters, but the primary underlying subject will be the focus of Z3, to examine the underlying subject,

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His speech had ethos, logos, and pathos throughout it, which is why it was a great persuasive message. According to Aristotle’s three speech situations, this speech used

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