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Chemical Reaction Lab Report

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Chemical reactions are essential to scientific discovery as they are the basis of new knowledge. Chemical reactions are evident in every aspect of the world, including: nature, the human body, and industrial buildings. Ultimately, there are limited conditions that exist in the world under which a chemical reaction takes place. Furthermore, there are enzymes that have the ability to affect a chemical reaction, and play a huge role in the industrial world. One prime example of this are the bleaches used in the process of making paper or textiles; despite this, some enzymes like biocatalysts could be used to reduce the amount of energy and result in a cleaner more sustainable environment. A clean environment may prevail in the world if alternates to the current products that are frequently used are considered. In determining factors that change the efficiency of a chemical reaction as they affect the rate of that reaction, factors like temperature, pressure, and the use of catalysts may be taken into consideration. Temperature is one large factor that plays a role through its ability to increase or decrease …show more content…

For example, hydrogen peroxide decomposes in water and oxygen gas. Two molecules of hydrogen peroxide will produce two molecules of water and one molecule of oxygen. A catalyst of potassium permanganate can be used to speed up this process. This reaction can be described by looking at potassium permanganate –which is an oxidizing agent – when added to hydrogen peroxide. It immediately oxidizes hydrogen peroxide decomposing it into water (H2O) and Oxygen (O2) and a lot of exothermic heat releases as steam into the air. A catalyst is uncharged and can regenerate. That is why, in industries, only a very small amount of catalyst is needed to generate copious amounts of product. This is desirable, as many catalysts that are used industrially are very

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The hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound with the formula H2O2. In its regular form, it is a colorless liquid; it is used as an oxidizer, bleaching agent and disinfectant. The hydrogen peroxide, under the right conditions, will undergo a chemical reaction to break down into oxygen and water. The dish washing detergent may contain bleach, enzymes, or rinsing aids. Some dishwashing detergents may be homemade, using ingredients such as borax, essential oil, eucalyptus oil and grated bar soap.

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1529 Words | 7 Pages

Wilfrid Laurier University, ON, Canada. Observation Results: Table 1: Qualitative Observations of all reactants and products in experiment Reactant/ Product Before During

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The decomposition of NaHCO3 is an example of Prevention within Green Chemistry principles because all solid waste in this experiment is collected and used again. The only gaseous wastes generated by the reaction in the experiment are carbon dioxide and water, which are benign (Lab 3). The decomposition reaction of NaHCO3, generates virtually no waste, therefore less hazardous chemical syntheses. The byproducts of the reaction are gaseous CO2 and H2O which possess little or no toxicity to human health and the environment, because of the amounts released in this experiment. (Lab 3).

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However, some reactions are able to form gases such as CO2 when mixing. This is because when double replacement occurs, one of the new reactions made could be a gas or decompose into a gas. This is call a gas evolution reaction. We successfully determined that 2HCl + Na2CO3 and Na2CO3 + H2SO4 would result in gas evolution reactions by doing extra research.

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These catalysts help fuel every chemical reaction. For example in the experiment nuts will be burned to see which nut type will produce the most energy. Thermodynamics is science that consist of work and heat. Thermodynamics has 3 laws.

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This experiment was carried out in order to determine how temperature, concentration and catalysts affect the rate of the decomposing hypochlorite ion. While sodium hypochlorite does decompose naturally and on its own it does so quite slowly, and as a result, is a perfect example to be observed for increases in the rate of its decomposition reaction. It is theorized that the temperature and the rate of the reaction are directly proportional, as in as the temperature increases, so to does the rate of reaction and vice versa. This theory occurs under the knowledge that temperature affects both the collision frequency and the number of effective collisions in a reaction causing them to increase as it does.

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Chemistry is the basis of so much incredibly important topics in science and in society. Chemical composition of the atmosphere and basic chemical reactions, such as combustion and photochemical processes are vital links to the questions about public policy through the considerations of air and water quality. A debate of smog, air quality, and pollution guidelines opens up a wider analysis of the environmental, health, and economic effects of smog in a chemical context. A discussion of acid rain contextualizes the study of acids, bases, and leads to a consideration of coal burning as an energy source as a major cause, and the environmental technologies that can be used to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions. In this way, the chemistry content is linked directly to issues of immediate concern in the everyday lives of society.

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Reactions in the human body produce hydrogen peroxide as a product (1). Since hydrogen peroxide is poisonous to the human body, catalase catalyzes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen (2 H2O2 → 2 H2O + O2) (1). According to the collision theory, a reaction can only occur if particles collide with sufficient energy to overcome the activation energy and with correct geometrical orientation (3). Increasing temperature increases the kinetic energy of the particles which means that an increase in temperature will increase the speed of the hydrogen peroxide and the catalase molecules which

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In Chemistry, compounds are defined as any substance that is composed of atoms of two or more elements that are combined in fixed ratios. Compounds can often be reduced in order to separate their elements and study their properties. Compounds such as water (H2O) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) for example, both contain oxygen and can therefore undergo a process of decomposition that will isolate the elements in order to calculate the quantity of each element and molecule present in the compound. Any compound with oxygen can be decomposed through the addition of heat which will eventually release the oxygen, thereby leaving only the other elements. Decomposition reactions are essentially chemical changes in which a single compound is broken down into two or more single products (Wilbraham, 2008).

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The first stage is the reduction stage. It uses platinum and rhodium to help reduce the pollutant emissions. When a NO2 molecule contacts the catalyst, the catalyst removes the nitrogen atom out of the molecule and holds on to it, letting go of the oxygen in the form of O2. The nitrogen atoms bond with other nitrogen atoms that are also stuck to the catalyst, forming

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Traditional catalysts are often transition metals or their compounds, which can be toxic and harm the environment Modern catalysts are being developed in industry which result in less waste and are safer for the environment Collision Theory This was a theory proposed

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It differs from other reactions such as combustion and Hydrolysis as it does not utilize oxygen, water, or any other reagents within the reaction

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The use of catalysts by mankind, dates back thousands of years, in processes such as wine- or bread-making. Their reaction scope is enormous and thus, they play an important role not only in natural processes, but in commercial processes as well. The latter include among others, the commercial production of chemicals, medicines and foods. According to IUPAC, a catalyst is a substance that has the ability to increase the reaction rate, when added to a reaction, without itself getting consumed in the process.

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The 20th century brought an explosion of new chemical products for consumers. Chemicals bring about benefits upon which modern society is entirely dependent. From 1 million tons in 1930 to several hundreds of million tons today, the global production of chemicals has a significant increase. The chemical industry continuously converts raw materials, such as oil, natural gas, air, water, metals, and minerals into thousands of different products. Chemical products are used at work or even at home every day such as cleaning chemical liquids, fertilizers, paint, and fuels.

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Introduction This project used four different exothermic reactions to boil one litre of water, in doing this the reactions’ economic and environmental friendliness were tested and compared. The following exothermic reactions were tested: the combustion of charcoal, the combustion of wood, the combustion of propane gas and the combustion of hydrogen gas. It is important to note that we did as much as possible to carry out all the experiments fairly, however we faced a few difficulties and were not able to complete the hydrogen combustion experiment due to a lack of equipment and a safe environment in which to carry out the experiment. However we can be sure of the outcome (had we continued with the experiment) due to research and the help of Brendon Duke (the Business

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