Bibliography
Appiah-Kusi, E., Fisher, H.L., Petros, N., Wilson, R., Mondelli, V., Garety, P.A., Mcguire, P.,&Bhattacharyya, S. (2017) Do cognitive schema mediate the association between childhood trauma and being at ultra-high risk for psychosis? DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.01.003. The purpose of the research was to identify whether childhood trauma is associated with psychosis. Evidence from the study indicate that the type of trauma indicates the specific mental illness outcome (Appiah, Fisher, Petros, Wilson, Mondelli, Garety, Mcguire, & Bhattacharya, 2017). The investigators addressed that individuals who have an ultra-high risk (UHR) of psychosis have a common denominator that is childhood trauma. The research questions focused
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That a traumatic childhood experience of purely psychological will be predictors of UHR. The association between childhood distress will be associated with psychosis (Appiah, Fisher, Petros, Wilson, Mondelli, Garety, Mcguire, & Bhattacharya, 2017). The method and design of the research was conducted with 30 individuals who met the assessment qualifications. The childhood trauma was assessed by using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. The results of the study showed that UHR was associated with childhood trauma and emotional distress. The logistic regression analysis indicated that emotional disturbances in childhood were associated with UHR. The research also specified that negative self-schema was associated with 42.2 % of the effect on childhood distress led to paranoia later. Future research should focus on core schema in an objective way to see if individuals can identify core beliefs (Appiah, Fisher, Petros, Wilson, Mondelli, Garety, Mcguire, …show more content…
Research in the past had focused on learned fear associations. Cognitive theories show similarities with concepts of fear associations and making sense of the traumatic experience (Ready, Hayes, Yasinski, Webb, Gallop, Deblinger, & Laurenceau, 2015). Theorists that practice cognitive associations hypothesize PTSD symptoms develop when individuals felt that traumatic experiences caused them to see the world in a cynical view. The role of cognitive overgeneralization is used in the treatment of PTSD. Findings from treatment of PTSD found that the use of cognitive overgeneralization is used in the maintenance and recovery of PTSD (Ready, Hayes, Yasinski, Webb, Gallop, Deblinger, & Laurenceau, 2015). Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) provides context for reviewing relationships and symptom change in juveniles with PTSD. Participants were between the ages of 7 and 17, and qualified for funding treatment. The individuals were administered the UCLA PTSD reaction index (Ready, Hayes, Yasinski, Webb, Gallop, Deblinger, & Laurenceau, 2015). The participants who scored higher than 17 and reported more than 3 symptoms were used for the study. The main focus of treatment in the first phase was overgeneralization and 15% percent of the partakers showed elevated symptoms. The outcome from the study showed that TF-CBT