Paper 2
Civil rights are the rights that every person living in the United States of America has to have and is the responsibility of the government to protect those rights. Every individual in the United States has its rights guaranteed by the constitution and maintained by the government; many aspects including, education, right to vote, housing, employment, equal treatment, protection against discrimination are some rights that the government is there to defend. However, to the population achieve those rights; many civil rights movements happened in the United States, not just to impose the right to be equal in the justice, but the right to be accepted by the society. Civil rights movements started before the abolition of slavery,
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Cases like: Alexander v. Holmes County Board of Education in 1969, where the court ordered the desegregation in the public schools in the southern states; Griggs v. Duke Power Co. in 1970, where the Supreme Court ruled against the company that was discriminating black employers. In 1965, the voting rights act prohibits racial discrimination in the elections; signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson at the peak of the civil rights movement in the country, the voting rights act was a landmark in the civil rights. Congress saw that the civil rights law in place was not sufficient to eliminate discrimination with the 15th amendment, so the congress decided to complete the laws creating the voting rights act that ruled for the whole country. After the law was passed, it prohibited the states to deny the right to vote on individuals independently of race, or language. Cases like: South Carolina v. Katzenbach, where the Supreme Court rejected a challenge by the North Caroline state to preclearance provisions of the voting rights act; City of Mobile v. Bolden, where the Supreme Court decided that the electoral district must be drawn without any racial discrimination. Those rights acts were created by the federal government to provide equal conditions for all members in the society, but in the contemporary world