COPD has been a high important cause of “morbidity, mortality and health care cost world wide” (Mannino&Buist,2007) and expected to rank within the top 5 in 2020 for being a “burden of disease” a study of which the “World health Organisation” had issued (Rabe et al, 2007). It is important to note that one of the biggest risk factor of COPD is “cigarette smoking” (Mannino&Buist, 2007). Further risk factors include environmental pollution, dangerous chemicals at work, old age, the genetic structure, and especially infectious diseases (Mannino&Buist, 2007).
In countries where the income are higher the consumption of tobacco is also high about “73%” whereas in comparison to countries in “middle and lower income” there is only “40%” mortality
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For once was a booming mining town in the outback many of the Cockatoo Rest citizens whom are mainly used to be miners or in the mining business resides in the community. Many of which are in there in their mid 50s. After the depletion of mining 20 yrs. ago in the area, young lads in their late teens or early twenties starts migrate to bigger, more urban communities for better employment and lifestyle. Approximately 40% of the town population are people aged 55 and over a very dominant figure which is why ageing is one of the factor for the hospitalisation rate in the …show more content…
In another study based in Sweden, which is of cross-sectional design between current smokers and ex-smokers male and female, the results has shown that out of 1500 random sample of participants 65% has noted that the severity of the disease is only “mild” (Lindberg et al, 2007). Of which “21%” of the mild participants experienced recurrent coughing, “70%” of them had presented symptoms for COPD as well 10% use medication for respiratory treatments and only “5% of them were diagnosed with chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or COPD” (Lindberg et al, 2007). The study also showed that continuous activities of smoking as people age are the top 2 combination risk factors for COPD (Lindberg et al, 2007). Ageing alone increases the “morbidity and mortality” of COPD (Mannino&Buist, 2007).
Ex-smokers have a slower increased of prevalence regarding COPD where it starts at 62yrs whereas participants who are smokers will have 15yrs. less meaning they are more at risk to acquiring the disease