Cognitive Psychology

8. Daly, McMinn, and Allan (2014) conclude that physical activity and executive functioning affect each other in a bidirectional relationship. In your own words, explain how one affects the other and vice versa.
Executive functioning is the increased level of cognitive processing that is related to the frontal lobe of the brain, which controls and manages important processes that pursuit goals. Executive functioning includes pre-potent response inhibition, the capability to deal flexibly with new situations, selective and sustained attention, and planning. Research has indicated that physical activity has a positive impact on cognitive functioning, especially executive functioning. One previous study found that fitness training has healthy

Variable –focused studies are ones that treat each variable as related to another variable, whereas person-focuses studies use mathematical or statistical formulas to examine how the variables combine across individuals. In other words while variable-focused studies study how characteristics are related to each other, person-focused studies assess how these variables group within individuals. Variable-focused studies use multivariate statistics to assess for associations among adversity, outcome, and potential qualities of the individual or the environment or measure the level of risk that may guard individuals from the negative consequences of risk or adversity or function to compensate for it. Person-focused studies compare individuals who have different profiles across or within time on a series of criteria to determine what distinguishes resilient children from other groups of children. Both the variable-focused studies and the person-focused studies have benefits and weaknesses. This leads investigators to include and use both. The variable-focused studies frequently maximize statistical power and are apt to explore specific and different associations between the outcomes and predictors that have propositions for intervention. Yet, the variable-focused studies can fail to seize marked patterns in the lives of real people, missing a sense of the whole and overseeing unique consistencies across dimensions which can reveal who is at greatest risk or needs a specific intervention. The person-focused studies keep variables compiled in naturally occurring patterns and are capable to investigate for common and uncommon patterns in lives through time that results from several processes and limitations of development. However, person- focused studies can