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Comparing Marx And Engels In The Communist Manifesto By Karl Marx

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Even the brightest individuals make the mistake of using the terms “state” and “government” interchangeably. Someone as powerful as Louis XIV did too, when he said “I am the State.” However, political scientists are extremely particular about the difference between the two.
When one wonders what a state is, many definitions come to mind. One such describes it as people permanently occupying fixed territory bound together by common habits and custom into one body politic exercising, through the medium of an organized government, independent sovereignty and control over all persons and things within its boundaries, capable of making war and peace and of entering into international relations with other states. (TheFreeDictionary.com 2015)
A government, …show more content…

Marx and Engels said, “The executive of the modern state is nothing but a committee for managing the common affairs of the whole bourgeoisie.” (Marx and Engels 1948) Marx, in his book, The Communist Manifesto, Marx argued that society is divided into two parts, namely the bourgeois and the proletariat. (Marx and Engels 1948) he explains that the bourgeois control the factors of production, and in order to earn and utilize the factors of production the proletariat has to sell its labour power to the bourgeois. He explains how the bourgeois exploit and take advantage of the situation of the proletariat for their own selfish gains. This was seen during the Industrial Revolution where technological innovation was at the expense of the mistreatment of the proletariat. Karl Marx argues that another change in the structure is due where the bourgeois will be overthrown the same way they overthrew feudal society in the past. A change in structure is vital; for years the working class has been at the mercy of the elite and powerful. Looking at it not entirely in a Communist context, but generally applying Marx’s theory, we see that the problem of the poor being exploited is a serious one. In Pakistan, for instance, the lower or middle class is being trampled on by the upper class. The elite have always been subject to royal treatment, with their influence deep-rooted in the system. They only work to their advantage ignoring the millions who suffer in the process. Marx, to some extent is correct in stating that the bourgeois will be overthrown. It is time for a structure change that will give greater power to the working class or proletariat. The poor need to come out of their misery; Marx calls for two-class consciousness where no class has monopoly over the other. In other words, he calls for equality and no

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Wealthy elites or the bourgeoisie continued to earn high profits while the poor proletarians continued to take part in labor intensive work in factories. Marx and Smiles both saw this as a major problem in their society. In Marx’s Communist Manifesto, he wrote, “ not only are they [the proletarians] slaves of the bourgeois class, and of the bourgeois state; they are daily and hourly enslaved by the machine, by the overlooker, and above all, by the individual bourgeois manufacturer himself…” What Marx means is that the bourgeoisie is looking down at the proletariats and using them as merely a way to earn profit. In contrast to Marx, Smiles said, “...they [the proletarians] resemble the savage tribes, who know no better, and do no worse.”

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Leah Milkint Mrs. Schroeder 4th hour language arts 14 March 2024 Is This Your Future Dinner? Two articles “Would You Eat This?” and “Gross! Yuck!

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The upper class, the bourgeoisie, were exploiting the lower class, the proletarians. Marx and Engel’s main argument is that the perfect society would have no class and everything would be shared. Both men looked at the Industrial Revolution in Europe and watched the owners of businesses keep wages high enough “to keep the labourer in bare existence as a labourer” (Marx, 28). Defeating the social system requires the working class to rise up and revolt against the bourgeoisie. Without the upper class, the workers would own the businesses, and could equally share the profit between themselves.

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In the beginning of the 19th century, the Industrial Revolution caused a massive economic spike from small-scale production to large factories and mass production. Capitalism became the prevalent mode of the economy, which put all means of production in the hands of the bourgeoisie, or the upper class. Karl Marx and Frederick Engels argue that capitalism centralizes all the wealth and power in the bourgeoisie, despite the proletariat, or the working class, being the overwhelming majority of the population. The manufacturers would exploit the common proletariat and force them to would work in abysmal conditions and receive low wages, furthering the working class poverty. “The Communist Manifesto” predicts that as a result of the mistreatment

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The Communist Manifesto Marx and Engels oppose the bourgeois because according to them‚ the modern bourgeois has generally established led to the establishment of new classes‚ new conditions by which oppression has been promoted‚ and some new forms of struggle that have only replaced the ones that existed before the up rise of the modern bourgeois society. One of the ways in which they oppose the bourgeoisie is that is has torn apart the ties that bound men to their natural superiors. In so doing‚ man has been turned into a being that only have self-interests in whatever they do. An individual personal worth has generally been resolved into some form of exchange value in the modern bourgeoisie society.

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Throughout the history of the United Stated homelessness and poverty has been a complex and widespread issue. Most of the general population isn't aware of the problem since they are sheltered and lack an immersion experience. The government has followed the trend of the general population, mostly ignoring the issue. The issue is simply getting too big to ignore and money is being wasted when it could be used to help. On average, at any given night in the United States 564,708 people were homeless an even more astonishing figure is that 206,286 were people in families (National Alliance to End Homelessness, 2015).

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The term known as 'state' within societies, has been difficult to define to a particular connotation. Throughout history, from many different civilisations, from the Roman Empire to present day politics, the 'state' has adopted different policies and regimes in order to govern the said country, albeit potentially having ulterior motives. The concept of the 'state' is often defined as the municipal government of a society, which is put into place

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Karl Marx who was an economist, during 19th century established an idea between wealthy and rich. According to “Three Great Economists”, Karl Marx believes that “the class struggle itself, expressed as the contest over wages and profits, would be the main force for changing capitalism and eventually undoing it” (33). Here Marx shows that there will always be difference between classes in capitalism and the only technique can be use to change this concept is to ruin a capitalism. This shows that income inequality is something we cannot fight with in capitalism, because no matter what we do we always will have this problem. People will always want more, and some will achieve it and other won’t.

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It is argued that social inequality occurs because of the conflict between the upper-class and the working-class, or as Marx defines it, the Bourgeoisie and the Proletariat. Based on the Manifesto of the Communist Party (Marx and Engels, 1848), the divergence emerges because the aim of the Bourgeoisie is to obtain a surplus-value that is produced by the work of the Proletariat. On the other side, the Bourgeoisie provides the Proletariat with the minimum required, such as a place to live and a minimum wage, in order to keep the society under control and avoid a rebellion. However, Marx did predict a revolt of the working-class that would eventually lead to a communist regime. When it comes to applying this theoretical approach to reality, it is evident to notice that no global revolt in regards to capitalism has occurred.

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Marx and Engel focused on class conflict as the driving force for their argument. Throughout history, there is a common theme of a caste society lasting for so long until the mistreated lower class attempt to break the cycle; but that system is only replaced with a new

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“In ancient Rome we have patricians, knights, plebeians, slaves; in the Middle Ages, feudal lords, vassals, guild-masters, journeymen, apprentices, serfs; in almost all of these classes, again, subordinate gradations” (Manifesto, 1848). In the Communist manifesto, Marx discusses the class type of his time, bourgeois and proletariat. The bourgeois were the higher class who exploited the proletariats. They constantly strived to expand their power and wealth in society.

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The proletariats are the wage earners or the labour class, in a capitalist society the proletarians don’t have much wealth, and their main asset is their labour power. The bourgeoisie is the class that owns the means of production, their class interest lies in the value of property and the preservation of capital, and this ensures their perpetual economic supremacy in society. According to Marx, in the capitalist mode of production, a worker slowly loses the power to decide upon his or her life and destiny, they lose their Gattungswesen (“species-essence”), and this is a consequence of living in a socially stratified society, where human beings become a mechanistic part of a social class. Even though human beings are self-conscious and autonomous, in a capitalist society they are nothing but an economic entity whose acts are dictated by the bourgeoisie, with the aim

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Marx believed that the current capitalist society is separated into two classes, the Proletariat society, and Bourgeois society. The Proletarians, as perceived by Marx, are part of the working class that only possess one significant material value, that is the ability to work, or labour power. The Bourgeoise, on the other hand, is the societal class that owns the means of production and hence rule over the Proletarians. As I quote from Marx’s book, “The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles.” (Marx and Engels, 1988, p. 473)

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According to Edwards et al. (2006) Marx thought that within capitalism there would be an increased divide between the bourgeoisie class and the proletariat class in the future. The proletariats are lower of the two classes, the people who have to work for wages in order to survive. The bourgeoisie are the people in society who controlled and owned the means of production in a capitalist system.

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Bourgeoisie, which gains the power, defines superstructure “including all social and legal institution, all political and educational systems, all religions and all art” (Bressler, 162), and articulate the ideology which is based on profits of bourgeoisie. The bourgeoisie ideology leads to alienation of individuals, especially proletariats. This bourgeoisie ideology creates the clash between the two classes. Marx supported the working class and their victory over dominant class. Marxism believes in providing equal opportunity to the working class as that are available to the

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