ipl-logo

Comparing The Basic Building Blocks Of Building Proteins

677 Words3 Pages

The basic building blocks of proteins are amino acids. Amino acids consist of a central carbon atom attached to a carboxyl group, an amino group, a hydrogen atom, and a side chain. The side chain can be as small as a single atom or as complex as a whole molecule and is what gives each amino acid their specific characteristics. This is because whatever characteristics the side chain possesses affects the amino acid; for example if the side chain is nonpolar, the amino acid will be hydrophobic. Amino acids then bond to one another via peptide bonds to form a polypeptide chain. A peptide bond forms when the carboxyl group of one amino acid is adjacent to the amino group of another amino acid, allowing for an enzyme to perform a dehydration reaction and bond the two acids. Although a polypeptide chain is what makes up a …show more content…

There are potentially four levels of a protein’s structure, with the first being the primary structure. The primary structure is the order in which the amino acids are bonded to one another. There are 20 different types of amino acids and a polypeptide chain can be thousands of amino acids long. This creates millions of potential sequences and lengths and allows for a vast variety of proteins. The secondary structure of a protein is the coiling or folding of the polypeptide chain. These contortions are a result of hydrogen bonds between the hydrogen atom of one amino acid and the oxygen atom from the carboxyl group of another. These bonds contorts the chain into two main shapes: the alpha helix and the pleated sheet. Next is the tertiary structure. The tertiary structure involves more coiling and folding of the chain, but not just because of hydrogen bonds. The contortions of the tertiary structure are a result of bonds between the side chains of the amino acids,

Show More
Related

Enzyme Turnip Peroxidase Lab Report

1117 Words | 5 Pages

All enzymes are under the class of protein biomolecule. Amino acids are the basic units that are combined to make up an enzyme. The biomolecule that stores information is a Nucleic Acid. The specific 3-D region within an enzyme is called the active site. The chemical

Read More

Horseradish Peroxidase Lab Report

1090 Words | 5 Pages

Each amino acid is made up of an amino group, a carboxyl group and a side chain (Reece, J. B., Urry, L. (2016). Campbell biology. Boston Pearson). Enzymes work by lowering the activation energy of the reaction making the reaction produce faster. Enzymes begin to catalyze chemical reactions with the binding of the substrate to the active site on the enzyme.

Read More

Slipknotted Proteins Lab Report

873 Words | 4 Pages

Wang et al performed SMFS on a shallow trefoil knot protein, bovine carbonic anhydrase B, and stretched it to a tightened knot.(110) A figure-eightknotted protein, phytochrome, was stretched by Bornschlogl et al using SMFS based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) as well as SMD simulations.(106) The unfolding force of phytochrome was determined to be ~ 70 pN, which is not as high as many mechanically stable proteins such as I27 domain of human titin (~200 pN). In addition, both their experimental and simulation results revealed that the tightened figure-eight knot contains 17 to 19 amino acid residues as shown in Figure 1.11. Further discussion about the tightening of the knot can be found in chapter

Read More

What Is Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy?

495 Words | 2 Pages

The two chains are form a double helix structure, with the pattern of each chain complementary to the other, with Adenine hydrogen bonding to Thymine, and Guanine hydrogen bonding to Cytosine. The DNA along with specific proteins are further organised into Chromosomes, individual continuous pieces of DNA. b.)

Read More

Key Concepts In Double Helix By James Watson

1073 Words | 5 Pages

Today, we know that protein synthesis includes two processes, transcription and translation. In transcription, DNA is copied, split, and converted to mRNA. In translation, the mRNA translates the tRNA. The tRNA then goes to get an amino acid. In the book, James Watson described what he thought protein synthesis was

Read More

Biological Molecules

902 Words | 4 Pages

44.protein- Molecules that have a myriad of structures and functions, but all have amino acids as monomers. 45.quaternary structure- The structure of proteins that have at least 2 polypeptide

Read More

Cell Membrane: The Blue Outside Layer On My Model

470 Words | 2 Pages

As these ribosomes make proteins, they feed the newly forming protein chains. Some are transferred fully into the ER and float inside, while others are anchored in the membrane. Inside the ER, the proteins fold and undergo modifications, such as the addition of carbohydrate side chains. These modified proteins will be either incorporated into cellular membranes, the membrane of the ER or those of other organelles—or secreted from the

Read More

How Does Temperature Affect The Activity Rate Of Albumin Protein

479 Words | 2 Pages

The change of a protein is due to its amino acids, the amino acids have a sequence which gives the protein a specific shape as well as its function. When the amino acids are exposed to heat, pH and chemicals their structure is adjusted which is what causes for the function and shape to be disarrayed.

Read More

Why Is It Important To Understand Protein Function

744 Words | 3 Pages

Proteins play different roles in the body, and the task of understanding proteins function is very important in biological processes. Proteins are composed of linear sequences of smaller molecules called amino acids that accomplish most of the functions of the living cell. There are twenty different amino acids whose chemical and physical properties are varied. Any protein that is produced has two ends: the C-terminal and the N-terminal. Many sources of information are used to understand protein function.

Read More

Exploring The Primary Structure Of A Protein

455 Words | 2 Pages

The primary structure of the protein is vital in determining the role it will undergo, and the function the protein will undertake. The primary structure is the unique sequence of amino which link together in order to form a protein, or in other words a polypeptide chain. A set of 20 different amino acids are used for protein construction. It is important to understand the structure of an amino acid as it is key in how bonds are formed in the following parts of the protein structure. An amino acid contains an alpha carbon that is bonded to the following four groups: A hydrogen atom, amino group (NH2), an ‘R’ group (also knows as the variable group or side chain) and a carboxyl group (-COOH).

Read More

What Is Non Essential

428 Words | 2 Pages

Amino acids are the building blocks of life. They are tiny molecules that contain nitrogen. There are twenty-two naturally occurring amino acids, twenty of these are found in human cells. These twenty are the building blocks of the human body. They hook together to form enzymes, hormones, immune molecules and neurotransmitters.

Read More

Understanding The Primary Structure Of Proteins

587 Words | 3 Pages

Proteins have four levels of structure: primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure. The primary structure of protein is the amino acids (which are linked together by peptide bonds) joining together to form a long string which is called a polypeptide. The peptide bonds that join the amino acids together are a bond that forms between the amine group

Read More

Gamma Protein Analysis

8662 Words | 35 Pages

The residue in favoured region and also the allowed regions are found to be 91.40 % and 6.0 % of the total residues respectively. This show good interaction of subunit structures to form the complex structure of γ-secretase. Docked result of all the subunits (1044residues) Number of Residue Percentage of the total Favoured Region 954 91.4 Allowed Region 63 6.0 Outlier Region 27 2.6 Table.6: Ramachadran plot analysis of the tertiary structure generated using all the subunits of the gamma-secretase Figure.13: Ramachandran plot of the tertiary structure generated from all the subunits of gamma-secretase. DISCUSSION AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVE Swiss PDB Viewer

Read More

Protein Synthesis Informative Speech

996 Words | 4 Pages

Degradation is how the protein is being worn down which makes lower condition so the protein cannot function properly or correctly causing it to be flawed. Export is when the substances are being transferred from inside the cell membrane and out the cell. Amino acids are folded into different shapes like zigzags to form proteins and usually the work with other amino acids. Depending on the number of amino acids determine the protein’s possessions. Hair and muscle have 20 amino acids, but the way the sequence is formed is quite different from each other.

Read More

What Are The Four Genetic Codes

976 Words | 4 Pages

The ribosome moves along the mRNA so two and three codons are exposed to subunit. A third tRNA brings the third amino acid and a peptide bond is formed. Then the first tRNA leaves as it’s free to go and collect another amino acid of the same type to the ribosome. This process continues till a stop codon is reached and a polypeptide chain is

Read More

More about Comparing The Basic Building Blocks Of Building Proteins

Open Document