Cyanobacteria are among the oldest life-forms to have been discovered. They would occupy highly mineralized warm springs. Cyanobacteria contain chlorophyll; which is a green pigment responsible for photosynthesis. “The photosynthesis carried out by the stromatolites was on such a large scale that they consumed most of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and released enough oxygen to make permanent changes.” (Arizona, 2016) Bacteria are extremely resilient and some are capable of living in the most extreme environments.
Most species of bacteria can survive either in aerobic or anaerobic conditions, while some species tolerate atmosphere both with and without oxygen. “The oxygen atmosphere that we depend on was generated by numerous cyanobacteria during the Archaean and Proterozoic Eras.” (T.N. & E.L. Taylor, 1993) Bacteria have demonstrated that they are able to survive without us, but we could not exist without them.
They are part
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Mitochondria and chloroplasts both contain their own unique DNA. “Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own genetic systems, which are distinct from the nuclear genome of the cell.” (Cooper, 2000) These organelles are more closely related to those of bacteria than to those encoded by the genomes of eukaryotes.
Many bacteria from natural environments exist in a conglomerate and are difficult to isolate and cull from the other members of that partnership. Bacteria can be found as individual cells or in the large colonies shaped like tight coils, clusters, filaments or thin biofilms. The identification of bacteria in the laboratory is exceptionally relevant in medicine, where proper treatment is determined by isolating and classifying the bacterial species causing a given infection. The need to identify pathogens was also an impetus for advancement of clinical techniques used to identify microbes in