Computational Creativity Essay

Computational creativity is generally considered as a subdiscipline of artificial intelligence
(AI) having strong connections to many neighbouring fields including cognitive science, linguistics, and arts. Colton and Wiggins \cite{colton_wiggins_2012} have defined the field in the following way:
\textit{``Computational creativity is the philosophy, science and engineering of computational systems which by taking on particular responsibilities, exhibit behaviours that unbiased observers would deem to be creative.''}

Thus, computational creativity has many roots as a scientific discipline. On one hand, the field has tried to shed light on creative phenomena by formalizing different kinds of creative activities in one way or another. On

Margaret Boden \cite{boden_1998,boden_2004} is generally credited for starting the discussion on the nature of creativity in computational settings. Boden has proposed three general classes of creativity: combinatorial, exploratory, and transformational creativity, which have been useful in the formalization attempts. Combinatorial creativity results from unusual combinations of ordinary elements and ideas, and for instance, many types of analogies, metaphors, and artistic forms can be seen as belonging to this class. Exploratory creativity is exploration in some well-defined conceptual space of ideas or artefacts whereas transformational creativity also requires modifications of the conceptual space where the search is performed \cite{boden_2004}. Wiggins has later formalized these types of creativity as search \cite{wiggins_2006}. In this formalizm transformational creativity is seen as search on the metalevel of the conceptual space. An interesting question here is how the conceptual spaces are or need to be defined and how representations of artefacts and conceptual spaces affect what kind of manipulation and search can be