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Congressional Accommodaation And Influence Us Foreign Policy

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1. The role of the Congress is to enact legislation, approve treaties and foreign policy related budget spending. It has equal power to the President, although their respective influence varies over time. 2. Congressional Accommodation refers to the moments in which the Congress cooperates with the President, allowing him to exercise more power in foreign politics. Antagonism is present when the Congress opposes the policies of the President and attempts to limit the executive branch’s power. 3. In theory the War Powers Act is a policy which could both restrain and influence US foreign policy. It could restrict the President’s power to use armed forces abroad and would require agreement between Congress and the President. 4. The public does
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Since its enactment in 1973, The War Powers Resolution has been a point of tension between the executive and legislative branches. It is a resolution that prompts the commander in chief to exercise his war powers “only pursuant to a declaration of war, specific statutory authorization from Congress, or a national emergency created by an attack upon the United States.” It places a set of requirements on the president for the introduction of armed forces into hostilities, including a forty-eight hour period for the notification of congress, and a sixty day period for withdrawal of troops in the absence of a war declaration, with an additional thirty days for the safe removal of troops. It also requires the president to consult with congress when

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Diplomacy in the United States is becoming more and more important. And congress's have their own weaknesses to competent leadership role in foreign affairs. For several reason members of congress background complex, opinions are vary. They will fails to meet foreign activities because those activity need a high degree of continuity, quickly, confidentiality. Especially their strong local color, they can’t consider the advantages and disadvantages of foreign for the United States.

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Even with certain restrictions and checks of power the president still maintain some significant areas of power over congress such the ability to veto legislation passed by congress. This ability grants the president a significant amount of power over the legislative process in the U.S as ultimately he is able to set the agenda of the country’s political schedule, and determine the direction of the country’s political schedule. Along with the ability to enact vetoes without the interference of a hostile congress uncooperative congress. The president also posses the ability to set the agenda for what legislation to recommend to congress and to what priority level each recommendation should be given. This power does come with its limits though as most situations do not give the president the ultimate authority to force congress to address his proposal and he must instead convince congress to address his issue with priority.

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The War Powers Act does work within the constitutional authority of congress. The act was passed on November seventh 1993. The law is a law that is intended to limit the presidential power usage of the military. It limits the power of the president and makes the president go through congress first before making any major decisions. It is a very controversial topic with the citizens whether think the War Powers act is right or wrong.

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War Power Reform When it comes to war-making powers, both the legislative and the executive branches play a major role determining the course of action. Constitutionally the legislative branch has the power to declare war, but the president (executive branch), without Congress’s permission, can “make” war. This is due to the War Powers Resolution, which was enacted by Congress in 1973 to keep the president in check.

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Power to make treaties (what role does the Senate play?)- This allows the president to make treaties with foreign nations. The senate must approve these decisions with a ⅔ vote. Veto Power- Presidents can reject any pieces of congressional legislation. Commander in Chief-

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The War Powers Act was passed to help reassert Congress’s control over declaring war against other countries. The Constitution states that the war powers of the federal government are to be divided between Congress

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Comparing to the economic aspect, the Congress did have some control over the diplomacy aspect which includes “the power to declare war and make peace, to make treaties and alliances … [and] appoint the senior officers of the U.S army.” (Ginsberg, et. al. 2014:35) These powers, basically, were the extended version of previous Continental Congress’s power.

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Ever since the creation of Congress, it has not been uncommon to hear or see negative criticisms about it. Congress has evolved from when it was created, but the role it plays has not changed. Even though there are many criticisms about the ways on how Congress is run, the system is an important and essential part of the United States government. Integral it may be, but today, many people find it difficult to answer the questions of how Congress works, what it does, and why it exists. In Lee Hamilton’s How Congress Works and Why you Should Care, the author shows what Congress actually does do and how it affects the American people every single day.

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The Congress is the supreme potent branch in the US, holds the agendas of the government. The two major political parties in the US Congress are The Republican and the Democratic Party with the Democratic Party comprising of 188 seats and the Republicans 246 seats. The Congress performs functions such as, representation of the people, law making, oversight performance, ensuring the public is fully educated and serving their constituents. Several factors have made it difficult for the democrats and Republicans in the congress to expressive a rational political outline.

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The Alien and Sedition Acts that were designed and passed by Congress in 1798 established a range of restrictions on the society. Among those laws, the Naturalization Act made the process of gaining American citizenship longer and the Sedition Act was designed to forbid publishing the materials against the government. While those documents “were in conflict with the Bill of Rights”, the Congress considered them appropriate (Roark 281). The positions of people within the society regarding these laws differed. From the point of view of a recent immigrant, these laws were inappropriate for the American democratic society.

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The War Powers Act was created to limit presidential power to prevent the President sending troops for more than 90 days without congress consent. ( affect). It was created and put into action after President Nixon sent U.S troops ignoring Congress authority. The War Powers Act or otherwise know as War Powers Resolution. “The War Powers Resolution

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The main purpose of the act was to have the president and congress approach war efforts with “collective judgement,” yet the act itself seems to allow the president to bypass congress just as how presidents Harry Truman, Lyndon Johnson, and Richard Nixon did in the Korean and Vietnam Wars. The act was supposed to correct the errors of such wars, but it really does not address the issue of powers between the executive and legislative branches effectively. In essence the president can declare war in the emergency when the United States is under attack, such as the 9/11 terrorist attacks in New York and the Pentagon however, he is restricted from actually enacting war, meaning he can only say that there will be war, but he cannot start organizing and sending troops to hostile countries without the formal consent of congress. Therefore, the war powers act attempts to decrease the president’s power to enact war, but it violates the constitution and bypasses congressional authorization for war by permitting the president to send troops to hostile countries for 90

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The power to determine the U.S. foreign policy is markedly intricate as the authority is distributed to Congress and the President, in accordance with ideologies and regulations of the Constitution. Despite Article II of the Constitution prescribes the President’s authority on the decision process of foreign policy, its scopes and limits are not clearly defined (Rudalevige, 2005:24). Under the circumstances where the President has been attempting to expand his powers while Congress has been in a state of checking an act of arrogation, such ambiguity and neutrality caused constant conflicts between Congress and the President with the pursuit of “ideals and self-interest” (Magstadt, 2004:19). In 1973, a historian Aurthur Schlesinger popularized

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Alexander the Great’s inexorable ten year conquest of the Persian Empire was a conquest motivated by a number of reasons; finance, revenge, opportunity, expansion and personal zealotry being amongst those debated by modern historians. In his attempts to garner Greek support for the conquest, Alexander veiled his true motivations under the guise of nationalistic revenge. In truth however, Alexander's reasons for the invasion of the Persian Empire lay in financial necessity, territorial expansion, his desire to stand up to his mythological and biological ancestry and the opportunity presented by the relatively weakened state of the Persian empire. 1. Revenge for the Persian invasions of Greece (281)

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