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Criminology Theory: Causation, Correction And Prevention Of Crime

1800 Words8 Pages

Introduction to Criminology Theory
Criminology is fundamentally the systemic studies of crime as a social event (Glick, 2005). By explaining why crime can be a social event, it can be viewed in a series of processes. The processes are how laws are making, how laws are breaking and what the reacting towards the breaking of laws. Nirmala indicated that criminology is the study to explore the causation, correction and prevention of crime (2009). It is an interdisciplinary scientific studies on various perspective of crime and criminal behavior (Walsh & Hemmens, 2008). In many countries, people have a tendency to commit crime for pursuing what they need because they think the society cannot satisfy them. This phenomenon lead the government …show more content…

It uses scientific method to explore the criminal behaviours with objective, universal, and culture-free (Siegel, 2010). Positivist tended to study the criminal rather than crime. Punishment was devised to fit the criminal but not the crime (Jeffery, 1959). Positivists advocated that behavior is determined by factors beyond the control of the individual (Whitehead & Lab, 2013). They thought deviant behavior may have multiple causations. This position was known as determinism (Walsh & Hemmens, 2008). There were three major positivists as Cesare Lombroso (1835-1909), Enrico Ferri (1856-1929) and Garofalo (1852-1934). They reflect the variety of positivist views in their diversified emphases on internal or external occasions of criminal …show more content…

Some people believe that humans are born innately good with a clean sheet. It can believe that humans commit crimes by reason of biological, psychological and sociological problems (Young et al., 1981; Paynich & Hill, 2009). It can also believe that people will change through the environment to become a criminal over time. This deterministic approach uses the methods of empirical research in Positivist School.

In biological Positivism, the perspective is based the primarily work of Lombroso, Ferri and Garofalo (Burke, 2009). It argued that criminology should concentrate mainly on the scientific study that explore criminals and criminal behaviour. Although it might seem somewhat simplistic and even laughable with the criterion of today, this aspect however established a lasting scientific tradition. It has been grown sophisticatedly over the years. In that time, the writing is relishing something of an explanatory

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