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The Pros And Cons Of Integrated Criminology

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Integrated theory does not necessarily attempt to explain all criminality but is distinguishable by the idea of merging concepts drawn from different sources. Integrated criminology tries to bring together the diverse bodies of knowledge that represents the full range of disciplines that study crime (Schmalleger, 2012). Integrated theories provide wider explanatory power (Schmalleger, 2012). Integrative theories are like diversified theories and focus on criminal behavior and criminal activity while other theories focus on punishment and crime control (Jeffery, 1959). Integrated approach combines concepts and propositions from two or more prior existing theories into a single new set of integrated concepts and propositions (Elliot, 2017). Integrated criminological theories have been constructed through theoretical integration and can be best understood as the act of combining two or more sets of logically interrelated …show more content…

A study concerning integrated theory where data used came from two waves of surveys that contained multiple life domain, offending, and demographic measures, examined if life domains could predict victimization with contemporaneous effects, lagged effects, interactive effects, and a measure of prior victimization (Gubb, 2015). The results from the research found a significant level of support for the fourth hypothesis, the temporal ordering of victimization and offending. The most consistent and important findings discovered related to peer domain, offending, and prior victimization variables. The research pointed to the influence of a reduced model where victimization might be predicted generally by facets of routine activity theory and involvement in risky lifestyle (Gubb,

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Reasons et al. , (2016) found that, “offending and victimization are a consequence of multiple risk factors,

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The objective of criminological theories is to help one gain an understating of crime and criminal justice. Speculations cover the making and the infringing upon of the law, criminal and degenerate conduct, and additionally examples of criminal movement All of the listed theories play an important role regarding the reason why Aaron Hernandez committed the

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Offenders don’t realize the reality when reentering society because they aren’t giving the necessaries resources. The reality is how the criminal justice system have label them. When an offender is release from prison their life is over due to the way the criminal justice have develop. Many would concur that there is a problem with strength based. As clearly demonstrated there will always be pros and cons towards an issue.

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Within the past couple of decades, criminologists have developed different criminological theories that apply to the social behaviors and decisions of criminals. One of the earliest theories developed regarding criminality is the rational choice theory, in which describes the rationalization of determining if the rewards from committing the crime outweigh the consequences. In Scarver’s case, his decision to engage in criminal activities outweighed the potential consequences, or the other alternatives if he did not engage in such criminal activities. In addition to the rational choice theory, Scarver’s criminality can be related to the social disorganization theory, which describes the influence of one’s social and physical environment on one’s decision to commit a crime. Lastly, the strain theory can be related to Scarver’s criminality as well, as it is used to describe an individual who lacks the means to obtain such goals, and aspirations, so therefore, he or she engages in criminal activities to acquire the goals.

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2014. Criminological Theory. 6th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education inc. Rengifo, Andres F 2009.

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This method calls for a series of detailed interviews with convicted murderers as well as the collection of intel provided by individuals from the FBI’s behavioural science unit in order to develop typologies. This information is then integrated with the analysis of the crime scene, the way in which the murders were carried out and any forensic evidence that is available. As a result of typologies and additional information about the current unsolved crime, the FBI created a classification system that could be applied to serious crimes such as murder, rape ect. This classification meant that offenders were labeled as either ‘organised’ or ‘disorganised’ (See next slide)

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Criminology uses many theories to study crime, such as Social bond theory, Control theory social, containment theory etc. Social bond theory includes a various forms of social attachment theories. Attachment is a complicated process starting at birth with a maternal connection. This premature form of joint sets the standard for an individual's future attachments to friends, family members, co-workers and lovers. Control theory suggests a responsibility towards one's behavior.

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David Garland wrote an intriguing piece on criminology and the issues it currently possesses as an academic field of study. In “Disciplining Criminology,” Garland identifies the major concerns he believes are affecting criminology as an academic discipline. He explains how each of these issues has been brought about and how they are and will continue to disrupt and eventually pollute the field of study. Throughout his piece, Garland gives examples of each of these problems and, more importantly, he gives possible solutions that can be used to redirect these concerns. Not only did I enjoy reading his take on criminology and its problems, I agree with much of what he has to say on the subject.

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It does not consider other factors such as criminal associations, individual traits, and inner strains, which plays a significant role in determining punishment for the individuals in committing crimes. It is observed that this theory endeavours to know that whether the activities of crime as well as the victim’s choice, criminals commit the activities on start from rational decisions. The theory also determines that criminals consider different elements before committing crime. They engage in the exchange of ideas before reaching on any final decision. These elements consist of consequences of their crimes, which include revealing their families to problems or death, chances of being arrested, and others elements, which comprises of placement of surveillance systems (Walsh & Hemmens, 2010; Lichbach,

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There are many criminological thought/theories that are made specifically to help the people understand the crime and the criminal justice system. The schools of thoughts were Chicago school of criminology the urban environment that promotes crimes. Social learning that states when a child lives in a bad environment & grows up in a conflicted home are most likely to become a criminal. Critical school of criminology gave us a perspective on how the upper-class people with power created inequities among the poor. Classical theory when one gets pleasure when committing a crime.

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There are multiple theories associated with criminology which try to explain why some people are criminals and some are not. The most popular three theories today are positivist, biological, and psychological theories. Positivist theories suggest that criminals are born with a predisposition to crime (Bohm & Vogel, 2011). Positivist theory assumes that humans do not have free will and any actions are determined; that they are different from other criminals biologically, psychologically, sociologically or a combination of these three; that social scientists can be impartial and that crime is caused by multiple factors (Bohm & Vogel, 2011). Positivist theory seeks to find cause and effect relationships that are established when the cause

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The reason for this explanation is that those deviant behaviors not deemed legal cause be a gate for criminal behavior that is illegal. The purpose of criminologist is to find an explanation of why someone is committing criminal activity and the providing a solution to deter or prevent such behaviors in the future. Which types of theories do you think are most important: those that explain individual behavior (micro) or those that explain criminality among groups (macro)? Explain your response.

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The two most popular sociological theories that offer an explanation as to why certain types of people are more likely to be victims of crimes is the Lifestyle Theory (the belief that certain leisure-time and other activities increase the chances of becoming a crime victim) and the Routine Activities Theory (the view that an individual’s daily activities can affect his or her chances of becoming a crime victim). Although these theories differ slightly in specific application, both theories generally assert that “the habits, lifestyles, and behavioral patterns of potential crime victims enhance their contact with offenders and thereby increase the chances that crimes will occur” (Miethe and Meier 1990:244). Research is supportive of either theory as an explanation of certain people being more likely to be victim

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There are many different modes of criminological thinking and two of those are Cultural criminology and administrative criminology. Both of these concepts are vastly different to each other which Mike Presdee delves into in Cultural Criminology: The long and winding road (2004). According to Presdee (2004), administrative criminology “denies and rejects the importance of culture and lived experience in the commission of crime, preferring instead to concentrate on the pseudo-scientific analysis of criminal behaviour” (Presdee, 2004:276). Administrative criminology has been fabricated as overdetermined descriptive criminology which is disconnected from any sort of social or human interaction.

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Public criminology today builds on an important legacy of engaged scholarship. According to Loader and Sparks, ‘’public value of criminology as a democratic under-labouring, lies not simply in ‘cooling’ down controversies about crime and social responses to it so much as in playing its part in figuring out ways to bring their ‘heat’ within practices of democratic governance (http://journal.radicalcriminology.org/index.php/rc/article/view/33/HTML) ( 2010, pp. 779)’’. [CARRIER Shantz, J. and Piche, J. (2014)] Public criminologists are called upon to take into account the ethics of the “democratic under-labourer’’ who is less focused on a collaboration of social forms by reliable knowledge. They set out to enforce better politics of crime and

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