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Darfur Genocide From Groupthink

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Darfur Genocide from Groupthink eyes “How could we have been so stupid?” President J.F. Kennedy asked following recognizing the failure of the disreputable “Bay of Pigs” invasion in 1961. A psychological phenomenon appeared with the early of 20th century called groupthink theory; that occurs within a group of people, in which the desire for harmony or traditionalism in the group results in an irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome. The term groupthink itself refers to "a manner of thinking that people involve in when they are deeply engaged in a cohesive one group, when the members' motivated for unanimity ignore their stimulus to rationally consider alternative courses of action”(Hart,1991).From the common cases …show more content…

Irving Janis pioneered the groupthink approach or theory in his classic study Victims of Groupthink in 1972 ; he seeks to determine why groups, often consisting of persons with exceptional talent and intelligence. His key scheme was groups that exhibited groupthink symptoms were more likely to manufacture irrational decision. His original works highlighted an explosion of study into how group biases, pressures, and behaviours affect faction of decision-making. The main argument of the paper is to prove that the Groupthink is occurred in the Darfur genocide case with evidences and resultant negative consequences of it. The paper will divided into four big sections, the first section will discuss the definition of GT theory and its properties, while the second one will look at the case study Darfur and how to prove it as GT, however the third section will elaborate the negative impact of GT on Sudan and clarify solutions to avoid GT; and the last one will conclude the …show more content…

Emphasised by the model the antecedent condition of a moderately or highly cohesive group (Box A) cooperates with other structural faults of the organization (Box B-1) and offensive situational context features (Box B-2) to raise the possibility of the groupthink inclination. The groupthink inclination is articulated in the recognizable consequences of the symptoms (Box C). When a group presents the majority of the symptoms of groupthink, one can predict to discover that the group will also show symptoms of defective decision-making (Box D). Defective decision-making generally lowers the possibility of a successful decision outcome (Box E). “The theory expects that when a group is highly or moderately cohesive (Box A), the more of the antecedent conditions located in boxes B-1-2 that are current, the greater the opportunities of defective decision making as a product of the groupthink

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In The Dangers of Groupthink, Naomi Karten provides the reader with a few of many examples on how they can avoid the dangerous phenomenon that is, Groupthink. Karten expresses her opinion by stating, “Diligently avoid a no-criticism culture and a no-criticism decision-making policy.” (The Danger of Groupthink, 2). Being able to avoid a nonconstructive environment is an extremely courageous step that can ultimately lead to one’s success. However, for one to achieve such a large task takes a tremendous effort, and requires one to place both their feelings and well being on the line.

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Groupthink is a compulsion by members of decision-making groups to maintain agreement, even at the cost of critical thinking. Pearl harbor attack happened on December 7, 1941 is an good example of groupthink. The naval officers thought Japan never dare to attack Hawaii, because Japan and United States seems in a big different level of military force. On the other side, even Japan tried to attack Pearl Harbor, United States still have a lot of time to detect and destroy their attack. So they are ignored the warning from Washington police office.

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It is a natural human instinct to want to be acknowledge by your peers, yet it is also important to be a critical thinker. Irving Janis in 1972 created the term groupthink. He believed groupthink occurs inside a group of similar people that want to keep from being different, resulting in incoherent decision-making. The 1957 film "12 Angry Men," uses groupthink, which influenced the verdict vote in the case of a teenager accused of murdering his father. The purpose of this essay is to examine groupthink and to represent Dr. Irving Janis’ symptoms of groupthink in the film.

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Psychologist Irving Janis explained some alarmingly bad decisions made by governments and businesses coined the term "groupthink”, which he called "fiascoes.” He was particularly drawn to situations where group pressure seemed to result in a fundamental failure to think. Therefore, Janis further analyzed that it is a quick and easy way to refer to a mode of thinking people engage in when they are deeply involved in a cohesive in-group, when the members ' striving for unanimity override their motivation to realistically appraise alternative courses of action. According to Janis, groupthink is referred as the psychological drive for consensus at any cost that suppresses disagreement and prevents the appraisal of alternatives in cohesive decision-making groups.

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