Destruction Of Power

Power was moving by this time, and the people who rose to that power were from western Europe. This period of change and transition lasted from the 14th and early 15th centuries, starting with the Arab decline and Mongol invasions. In western Europe, it is of vital import that there was a period of Renaissance, or rebirth, that had a great impact on Italy in their literature and their art. Spain and Portugal, also affected, started to lead expeditions and rediscover—and discover—land, especially to avoid the Muslims and find a new route to the “Indies.” Also important to note is that civilizations outside of the Old World changed as well. These civilizations include America and Polynesia. The Byzantium began to weaken because of the invading

Persian poets wrote in their own language, meaning that religious poetry was for upper-class children. A philosopher of the Middle East proper said that using Aristotle’s logic led to the fact that no religious fact could be proved by human reason and wrote this in a book called The Destruction of Philosophy. This, in turn, led to Sufis writing about their interactions with God and their passion. As the caliphate weakened, landlords controlled peasants from 110 onward, and agricultural productivity was hence lost since landlords did not bother to care about vital agriculture. AS the tax declined, the traders weakened, which is the time when Europeans controlled their own area and fought from other parts of the Mediterranean. Political divisions in the Byzantine lands allowed the Ottoman Turks to take both the old caliphate and Byzantine lands, creating a politically and militarily stronger caliphate. Under the rule of the Ottomans, trade was discouraged, and they focused on conquest and administration. The Mongols replaced the power vacuum, but as their power weakened, no one knew who would the next dominant power would