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A Comparative Analysis Of Qualitative Research Methods

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Qualitative research is a method of inquiry, where the overall objective is uncovering the meaning of a phenomenon under study pertaining to the lived experiences of people (Patton, 2015) in their natural or social settings (Hennink, Hutter, &Bailey, 2011). Among the common qualitative research methods of inquiry are case studies, ethnological studies, narratives and phenomenon studies (Cibangu, 2013; Patton, 2015; Laloo & Sumnyan, 2017). Since qualitative research seeks to the uncover meaning of phenomenon from the natural setting, the main methods which are appropriate for collecting data are; interviews, focus group discussions and observations with other methods including content analysis, videography, and documents (Hennink et al., …show more content…

And as such unstructured interviews are appropriate for collecting data in narrative research design (Hennink et al., 2011). One of the primary disadvantages of using the unstructured interview methods is that this method is time-consuming and produces a lot of data (Alsaawi, 2014). However, this voluminous data is appropriate in enabling the researcher to understand and get in-depth information on a phenomenon (Bryman, 2016).
Of the various approaches of interviewing, the semi-structured interview is the most commonly used data collecting method in social science research (Brinkman, 2013). It employs both the structured and unstructured interview methods, meaning that the researcher uses both the open-ended and close-ended questions. As such it balances the advantages and disadvantages of both the structured and unstructured interviewing methods. The semi-structured interview can be administered either face to face, through a questionnaire, via telephone or any other electronic method such as Skype (McIntosh & Morse, …show more content…

According to Hennink (2017), the interview instrument is well prepared in advance by the moderator and is used to guide the conversation while at the same time allowing members of the group to also have interactive discussions among themselves asking each other questions and clarifying issues.
One of the advantages of focus group discussion interviews is that it elicits different views on an issue (Hennink, 2014). In a study to identify how smallholder pig value chain can be used to transform and benefit the farmers, Ouma et al., (2015), interviewed 1400 pig owners in various sessions on different sub-topics such as animal health, animal management, breeding and feeding management.
Focus group discussion, provide an understanding of why a certain group of people does what they do, and the results can be used to harness the benefits of these actions. For example, using nine focus group discussions of students from universities in Malaysia and Australian universities Hamid, Waycott, Kurnia, and Chang (2015) identified elements that enable them to understand how the students used technology to interact among themselves and with their

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The quantitative research that I will critique, is about the effectiveness of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) in reducing the risk of gastric injury in elderly patients who undergo an aspirin regimen. According to the study, over 50% of elderly patients who had taken either a Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), or aspirin for less than 30 days presented some type of gastro intestinal (GI) lesion (cite). This very high number causes concern, since aspirin and NSAID’s are commonly used medications to treat, and prevent a variety of conditions. The study aims to answer two questions, the first is the risk of ulcers linked to the acute or chronic use of aspirin, and/or NSAIDs. The second question is the efficacy of anti-acid secretory treatments on these ulcers (cite).

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Methods Data will be collected from London Towne Elementary School located in Centreville Virginia. A large number of students that are from Latino descent attend this elementary school. It is estimated that 42.9% of the student population at London Towne Elementary identify as Hispanic, Hispanics are the largest group of the student body. In addition, it is reported that 45.8% of K-12 public school students at London Towne Elementary participate in the National School Lunch Program.

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For the sake of my study, in-depth interviews and questionnaires will be utilized in this study not only because it allows the participants to fully thoroughly express their thoughts, but permits to further engage in conversation when needed. When conducting interviews, you can ask participants open-ended questions so they can best voice their experiences unconstrained by any perspectives of the researcher or past research findings (Creswell,

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Discuss the standards used in critiquing qualitative studies: descriptive vividness, methodological congruence, analytical and interpretative preciseness, philosophical or theoretical connectedness, and heuristic relevance. Qualitative studies are critiqued using five general standards (“Critiquing qualitative research,” 2018). Descriptive vividness examines the inclusion of all the necessary descriptive data, such as the experience of collecting it, the thoughts of the research team as they did so, the site of the collections, and the participants. It should allow the reader to feel personally involved in the event. Methodological congruence ensures that the researcher took the appropriate measures to accurately record and represent the data, both procedurally and ethically.

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Focus group interviewing is a way to design a small group of individuals that are unfamiliar with one another to discuss a specific topic. According Berg and Lune, researchers use this approach to learn through discussion about conscious, semiconscious, and unconscious psychological and sociocultural characteristics and processes amongst various groups (p. 164). Focus groups are useful for collecting data related to specific research. Group interviews are a fast and convenient way to simultaneously collect data.

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Cut-off date 27 February. Part1: Essay. ‘Evaluate the contribution of a qualitative approach to research on friendship’. Part2: DE100 project report – Method.

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Introduction The prevention of patient-to-patient assault in an inpatient psychiatric unit is essential for the safety of patients and staff (Perez, 2014). The aim of this quantitative pilot study is to decrease patient-on-patient assaults which, in the long run, may improve patient safety during hospitalization (Staggs, 2015). This chapter discusses the study design and population plan and describes procedures for implementing the project, data collection, data analysis, the institutional review board (IRB) process, and challenges that may occur with initiating the quality improvement project. Design

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236). Qualitative methods especially one that is based on grounded theories give the researcher the flexibility of maneuvering research frameworks in which new theories are discovered. Using quantitative methods for this study will be difficult because it does not involve much numeric figures rather deals with phenomenon. However, there are some disadvantages associated with qualitative methods such as the inability of the researcher to control the influence of bias and rigidity. Also, qualitative research often is expensive to conduct and requires experience especially in transcribing and coding

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I plan on using other types of data collection, but for the purpose of this paper I will be explaining how I will be using interviewing to gather information on this subject. Interviewing I decided to use this method as a way of getting into the field to get a firsthand look at some of the things each side is facing. I wanted this qualitative approach to be more emic than etic. Since interviewing is face to face and I have to become involved in the sample I am researching, I felt emic was the best choice.

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Cognitive Interview Technique on Detecting Deception The inability to recognize fabricated statements can greatly damage the investigation process of a crime. Standard police interviews were often ineffective and most police officers never received formal training. In 1975, the RAND Corporation completed a survey of law-enforcement professionals and discovered that only 2% of the officers had received any formal training on how to interview people (Geiselman & Fisher, 2014). The memory of a witness or victim of a crime can be susceptible to contamination by an interview if conducted incorrectly.

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Introduction Qualitative research are those kind of researches that an outcome is obtained without the application of statistical methods of data analysis (Strauss and Corbin, 1990 cited in Golafshani, 2003). However, the qualitative research takes a direct approach, where the researchers arrive at a conclusion through the observation of events as they occur naturally without external interferences (Golafshani, 2003). Ethical and methodological issues may arise, therefore in order to demonstrate the legitimacy of Qualitative research it is important to integrate rigour and trustworthiness. Potential ethical issues There is the need to take into consideration ethical issues that may arise from conducting qualitative researches.

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This assignment will critique the strengths and limitations of the research process of a qualitative paper. Nurses have a responsibility to provide holistic quality care to their patients; which must be based on the most up-to-date health information available (Mitchell et al. 2015). Critically analysing evidence is one of the most important steps towards promoting this evidence-based practice (Burns & Grove, 2011). Conversely, the Francis report (2012) declared that nurses need access to precise, comparable and timely information to improve practice. The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) (2015) guidelines state that it is vital that nurses take charge of their own research to ensure use of current best evidence in practice, and developing this research will promote person centred care (McCormack 2003).

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Methodology The researcher used an ethnographic approach as a part of her research methodology along with a range of qualitative data collecting techniques with greater emphasis on unstructured interviews. The roots of ethnography can be traced back to anthropological studies of small, rural and often remote societies that were undertaken by researchers such as Radcliff Brown, Malinowski in the early 1900s. This methodology was later adopted by the Chicago School of Sociology.

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Narrative research theory is the study of how human beings experience the world, and narrative researchers compile these stories via in-depth interviews and write narratives about the experience (Gudmundsdottir, 2001). The data collected in narrative research can be qualitative, quantitative, or both. In my research proposal I mentioned in the methodology section that my study will be mostly qualitative in nature but in some cases there will be some quantitative data. I also mentioned that my research will be investigating the Hammonds Farm area, with the intention of investigating the impact of relocations on the livelihoods of beneficiaries that were relocated from Ocean-Drive to Hammonds Farm. Since the study I will be doing involves a case study, the narrative research theory seems the most logical direction as it corresponds with the purpose of my study.

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Qualitative research method has been widely used to gather data on specific subjects. With in- depth analysis, this method helps the researcher to get greater insights on various phenomena. The major reason why it is usually preferred over other methods is that it not only examines the when, where and what of a decision making process but also the why and how. Debates, interviews and various other researches are the areas where this approach is commonly used. Depending on the requirement of the research, the data gets streamlined once the entire data is obtained and gathered.

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