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Dual Court System

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The court structure in the United States is comprised of a dual court system. The dual court system consists of “one system of state and local courts and another system of federal courts” (Bohm & Haley, 2011, p. 274). Although the system has a separate court system for state and federal court, they do connect in the United States Supreme Court. Each court has various levels of jurisdiction to hear and make decisions over cases (Bohm & Haley, 2011). The four components for the state court system are Trial Courts of Limited Jurisdiction, Trial Courts of General Jurisdiction, Intermediate Courts of Appeals, and Appellate Court of Last Resorts. The Trial Courts of Limited Jurisdiction are the courts at the lowest level such as General Sessions Court. These courts …show more content…

The District Courts have original jurisdiction and is where most of the violations of federal law as well as civil law are decided. There are 94 district courts divided into 13 circuits in the federal court system to include territorial courts in Guam, Virgin Islands, Northern Mariana Islands, and Puerto Rico. The Circuit Courts of Appeals was created by Congress to lessen the load of the Supreme Court just like the intermediate courts of appeals does for the state supreme court. With only appellate jurisdiction, it only reviews cases for errors in the law. The third component of the federal court system and the highest court in America is the United States Supreme Court. In any case that includes the Constitution, acts of Congress, and treaties with nations, the U.S. Supreme Court has the final ruling (Bohm & Haley, 2011). The Supreme Court can hear cases from state supreme courts where federal law as well as the Constitution play a part in them. The Supreme Court will only make a ruling on the federal laws, not the applicable state laws in the

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The Supreme Court hears the most contentious legal issues that involve Missourians, businesses or even sections of the government. The voters of Missouri approved changes in the Missouri Constitution so that the Supreme Court has sole jurisdiction in five kinds of cases that are appealed to them and these are, the legitimacy of a U.S. or Missouri statute, the state?s revenue laws, any challenges to a state elected official?s right to possess an office, and to enforce the death penalty. These are the five types of cases that the Supreme Court will hear, and if they do not meet the requirements when people are wanting a trial court to appeal a case they will have to appeal to the Missouri Court of

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The Supreme Court is a federal court, the highest body in the judicial branch of the United States government. The Supreme Court contains a chief justice and eight associate justices. All of these are appointed by the president and confirmed by the senate. The Supreme Court contains the plaintiff, defendant, chief lawyer for plaintiffs, chief defense lawyer, justices of the court, and the justices dissenting. The plaintiff is a person who brings a case against another in a court of law.

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The United States is a constitutional republic with a representative democracy, the political system consists of three branches of government; Executive, Legislative, and Judicial. The Supreme Court established under the Judiciary Act of 1789 is an integral part of America’s political system, which plays an important role in the checks and balances between the three branches of Government. The Supreme Court’s role in checks and balances was established following the case of Marbury vs. Madison, when the Supreme Court was granted the ability to perform Judicial Review. Over the last two centuries the Supreme Court has further evolved by becoming more involved with civil liberties and individual rights, as well as by changing the way the constitution

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In Texas, there are two separate high courts: The Supreme Court of Texas and the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals. Having two separate high courts in Texas is good because make this system more professional. However, these two high court heard different cases. The Supreme Court of Texas is the highest civil and juvenile cases, and it is the final appellate jurisdiction in Texas. In contrast, the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals is the highest and the final criminal court in Texas, and the jurisdiction of death penalty cases.

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The Texas and federal court systems are integral components of the American legal system, but they share both similarities and differences that distinguish them from one another. In this essay, I will discuss two similarities and two differences between these two court systems, examining their structures, method of selection, and types of cases heard. Firstly, the hierarchical structure is a fundamental similarity shared by both the Texas and federal court systems. Both systems employ a similar hierarchical structure that commences with trial courts and progresses through intermediate appellate courts to the highest court at the top.

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The 2nd level is the County Level Courts. County Courts have jurisdiction over juvenile matters, misdemeanors with fines greater than 500$ or jail sentence, and probate matters. District Courts are the 3rd level. They have jurisdiction over felonious matters, divorce cases, land titles, and contested elections. The 4th level is the Courts of Appeals, which is the final step before the

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Whenever we talk about the Supreme Court of the United States we all know that it is the major court in the country. They listen to cases appealed from lower federal courts or cases appealed from state courts. However, every single state has its own courts and every state has a supreme court. In the case of Texas there are two major courts which are the Supreme Court of Texas that is in-charged of hearing cases for civil matters. And then there is the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals that deal with any criminal matters in Texas.

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The next court is the Court of Criminal Appeals. They are consisted of Presiding Judge and eight judges. This Court has statewide and also final appellate jurisdiction of criminal cases. They also make rules of post-trial and appellate procedure for criminal cases.

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The three levels within the federal courts are: the U.S. Magistrate Courts, the U.S. District Courts, the U.S. Courts of Appeals, and the U.S. Supreme Court. The magistrate courts are the lowest level and as such are limited to trying misdemeanors, setting bail amounts and assisting the district courts. The U.S. District Courts are the federal branch of original jurisdiction courts. These are responsible for criminal trials and giving guilty or not guilty verdicts. The U.S. Courts of Appeals are responsible for all the appeals from U.S. district courts.

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