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Importance of Erikson psychosocial theory
Erikson's psychosocial theory
Critique of erikson psychosocial theory
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A German psychoanalyst known as Erik Erikson examined three aspects of identity such as the ego, personal, and cultural identity. Erikson also establishes stages of development theory across the lifespan and the psychosocial approach. At each stage of development, there is a representation of a psychological obstacle known as the psychosocial crisis, in which an obstacle can be accomplished or denied for individuals. As the individual is conflicted with a task, it contributes to a major aspect of their personality. However, Newman and Newman added three extra stages to the developmental theory.
This state is called trust vs. mistrust. The child is completely dependent on caregivers, requiring proper care and love. This stage is particularly important in establishing trust and hope. The second stage, autonomy vs. shame and doubt, takes place within two to three years of age. This phase is focused on children developing a sense of autonomy and skills.
In this stage, children build up personal control over their physical skills and mostly their independence. Success over this will cause feelings of autonomy and failure leads to shame and doubt. The third stage is preschool and it starts at 3 to 5 years of age and the basic conflict is initiative vs guilt. In this stage, children assert
As babies, depending on others is an essential part of life. Babies need food, shelter, protection and nurturance, which is provided by the caregiver. “According to Erikson, this extended period results in the first stage of psychosocial development being centered on forming a sense of trust” (Papalia & Martorell, 2015, p. 171). Stated in Erikson’s eight stages of psyhchosocial development, babies first challenge involves in forming a basic sense of trust versus mistrust. Trust allows a baby to feel safe and love.
The third stage of Erikson’s eight stages of development is Initiative vs. Guilt. Initiative vs. Guilt is the stage in which children really begin to explore about the “real world”. This stage usually occurs around the age of preschool. During this stage dramatic play becomes a big part of the child’s life; they began mimicking what they see adults do, they make up stories and play them out usually revolved around what they have seen. Another factor during this stage children start to learn male and female roles, you will see the girls playing with the babies and in the kitchen because they are mimicking what they see many other women do.
Answer: My patient’s chronologic age was 2 years old and his developmental stage was Erikson’s autonomy vs shame & doubt. The accomplishments occur during this age are the child has an opportunity to build self-esteem and autonomy as he or she learns new skills and right from wrong. The well-cared for child is sure of himself, carrying himself or herself with pride rather than shame. During this time of the “terrible twos", defiance, temper tantrums, and stubbornness can also appear.
Erikson was highly influenced by Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytical Theory of Development. Although, at first Freud was limited to childhood based on the phallic stage, Erikson focused on developing a lifespan theory. The eight stages are as followed: Trust vs. Mistrust (infancy): The basic and fundamental psychological task is for infants to develop a sense that their needs will be met by the outside world. Is their caregiver responsive, reliable, and willing to meet their needs? That basic trust is facilitated by a responsive caregiver once an infant gets hungry, injured, or needs to be changed.
Erik Erikson’s stage of psychosocial cognition describes the eight stages of a developing human being and how they should go through their lifecycle. The individuality stage meets and then describes the challenges that an individual would experience. I will try to explain how Forrest Gump will relate to Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development assumption. Forrest Gump perceive many motions as he developed throughout his life. We often coin these changes that Erikson mentions in this movie.
Egocentrism is central to their thought process with the inability to consider that other people have differing opinions. The last stage, formal operations (12-15 years and older) the child learns to think and reason in abstract terms, develops deeper logical thinking and reasoning, and achieves cognitive maturity. (Videback, pg.
Furthermore he has mentioned in his theory, the result of completing each stage successfully, also the result of failure to complete a stage successfully. Erikson’s developmental stages are from infancy to maturity. The eight stages of Erikson’s developmental theories are: 1.
I will compare and contrast Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory and Albert Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory. Erikson is a psychoanalytic theorist who believes that our unconscious mind and early experiences in life shape our development. Erikson postulates that we develop in 8 stages that he calls psychosocial stages. Bandura, on the other hand, holds that we develop based on social cognitive stages that are affected by environmental influences. Let’s start with Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory.
Freud theory focused more on the Psychoanalytic theories which are how the body behaves from birth to adulthood, and how their behavior are driven. Erikson theories stages were an examination of psychosocial challenges. Freud and Erikson perceive the significance of the oblivious personality on human development. They both base improvement on a type of engagement. At the point when contention isn 't settled properly, suffering can happen, which can prompt psychological instability.
The second stage is the anal stage. It occurs at the age of eighteen months to three years. Freud believed that in this stage children receive pleasure from holding and letting go of their bowel movements. Third is the phallic stage. It starts at age three and end around age seven.
If the child is fulfilled with these needs, the child develops trust. Stage 2: (1 to 3 years) Freud called this stage as Anal Stage of development. In this stage, children gain sense of mastery by controlling erogenous zone or in other word it is anal region. Children who are succeeded in this stage are capable and productive.
He constructed eight developmental stages depending upon sociological and psychological developmental instruments and methods. He published psychoanalytical theory of eight levels in his book entitled “The eight ages of Man” in 1950, but later on modified and expanded the theory. He has explained the term epigenetic and represented with space and time and focused on personality and behavioral influences from birth to mature nature of an individual. He also focus on the nature and its reflection due to experiences during the eight stages (Erikson, 1950). Erik Erikson's stages of development: