Campylobacter Research Paper

Introduction: Foodborne illnesses are any illness resulting from the food spoilage of contaminated food. Most foodborne disease caused by pathogenic bacteria, viruses, or parasites that contaminate the food. In addition to, other foodborne diseases it may happened due to poisonings caused by harmful toxins or chemicals that have contaminated food. Also, foodborne pathogens it can be acquired throughout contaminated water, from contact with animals or their environment, or through direct transmission person-to-person. In this article we will discuss about one of the most common foodborne pathogens it is campylobacter. Furthermore, it was found that Campylobacter is well recognized as the leading cause of bacterial foodborne diarrheal disease

It’s also highly motile bacteria which can move by unipolar or bipolar flagella Moreover, Campylobacter are able to grow between 37-42 C, but they can’t grow below 30°C and survive poorly at room temperature. However, Freezing–thawing it can decrease the population of Campylobacter spp. It was found that freezing does not remove the living organism from contaminated foods .They are fragile organism which are sensitive to some conditions such as dry, freezing, reduced pH and does not have the ability to survive below a pH of 4.9 , but the optimal growth at pH 6.5–7.5. These non-spore-forming organisms are essentially microaerophilic, growing best in an atmosphere with low oxygen concentration (5% O2, 10% CO2). Basically, Campylobacters have many species such as C.jejuni and C.coli but the most commonly cause food poisoning is C.jejuni. There are different sources infected by campylobacter such as in under cooked poultry, meat, contaminated water, faecal-oral from contact with infected animals, unpasteurized milk and direct transmission from person to person. Besides, Campylobacteriosis mostly infect humans gut ranges from mild to severe, but most cases can be self-limiting . Additional Campylobacter species particularly C. jejuni and C. coli cause reproductive disease in sheep and cattle. Many animals can carry Campylobacter species without showing any symptoms, thus we can find the organism in their