Previous studies have shown its implication to the phenomenon of self-serving bias. Showing that cultural differences, degree of relationship, protection of individual’s self-esteem, role of individual, academic achievement, and expectancy are factors that is affected and can affect an individual’s behavior.
However, in addressing the question on the explanations of why people display self-serving bias. Some researchers suggest that self-serving bias is driven by their motivation process or they are driven by the manner on how they make judgments (Anderson & Slusher, 1986; Tetlock & Levy, 1982).
In motivation-driven explanations of self-serving bias, two factors can be seen as distinct motives: self-enhancement (self-worth) and self-presentation. Most people manifest self-serving bias because of the benefits of self-worth and how they will be perceived or how their image will be conveyed to others (Schlenker, 1980). As for cognitive-driven explanations, people have a set of beliefs on oneself, and those beliefs are overly positive and that will lead people to attribute those positive outcomes to them.
Age, Gender, Culture and Relationship in
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It exists on distant dyads (strangers) but not with close dyads (friends). Distant dyads tend to took responsibility of success to themselves and failure to their partner, because they did not know each other. They do not have an idea on the characteristics of their partner. But on close dyads, they already have an impression of their partner, which means they already have an idea on his or her characteristics. This impression affects their decision making on whether they credit themselves for success and blame their partner for failing the task. Because of this impression they tend to balance their decisions – accepting both failure and success (Sedikides, Campbell, Reeder, and Elliot,