• Ethical Altruism: an action is morally right if the consequences of that action are more favorable than unfavorable to everyone except the agent for instance the sensitive issue of Jihad may be subjected to Ethical Altruism in the sense that in many instances, Indians normally have an annual prayer in which they kill a goat to offer as sacrifice.They believe that whoever eats the meat of that particular goat will be blessed with prosperity and good fortune. Hence, this act is considered morally right even though they are killing the goat for everybodyelses benefit.
• Utilitarianism: an action is morally right if the consequences of that action are more favorable than unfavorable to everyone
Furthermore, an insight into Deontology may be explained from its Greek roots. The term deontology comes from the Greek word deon, meaning duty; hence the the theory of deontology states we are morally obligated to act in accordance with a certain set of principles and rules regardless of outcome.
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I was in charge of the accounts department and had the huge responsibility of receiving payments and making receipts. We were given a log book for records purposes and at the end of each fortnight, we were required to tally the receipts with the cash received. I was a junior staff and was relatively new at the workplace. I was told by most of the staff that it was crucial to be in the good books of our supervisor who happened to be the senior accounts clerk as well. However, I had made some very disturbing observations during the initial first weeks at work and it put me in quite a dilemma. I had noticed that there were some payments which he received without issuing a receipt and conveniently, those payments were not recorded in the log book. I questioned him once about it and he had laughed I off saying that was the common practice everywhere and that I was supposed to go with the