Evolution Vs Intelligent Design

There are so many mysteries that remain unsolved even until now; one of them and probably the most popular is how life started and how organisms were ‘created’. There are two theories that stand out the most; evolution and intelligent design. While evolution explains how organisms had developed from simple forms billions years ago through a process called natural selection, intelligent design states that nature is too complex to happened by a random process like evolution by natural selection, thus there must be an “intelligent agent” that is responsible for the creation of the universe. William Paley, in his book Natural Theology: or, Evidence of the Existence and Attributes of the Deity explained intelligent design by comparing the complexity

However the design of the eye is not perfect; human eye has a blind spot which is not sensitive to light and they have to move the eye in order to see accurately because human only have only one fovea in each eye with high resolution thus limiting human’s vision. Humans have delicate a lens that can easily change shape causing eye problems like myopia. Furthermore, the lens’s nutrient source comes from the fluid surrounding it, this mechanism cause problems for the inner cells because it cannot get enough nutrients, and because of this our lens become less flexible as we age. Apart from the eye, another flaw of design is human upright position. While most mammals walk on four limbs, human walk on two limbs (bipedal) and have an upright position, allowing human to use their hands as tools but also resulting in some disadvantages such as back pains due to human’s curved spines as the result of enduring a lot of pressure to maintain upright position and balance, knee pains because human concentrated all their weight on their legs, and increases the risk of deaths from giving birth in females and their baby due to human female’s narrow birth

However, humans have practiced selective breeding and create varieties of multi-cellular organisms by changing their morphology. Pomeranian for example; in the late 1800s Pomeranians average weight were 14 kilograms and are all white, but human selectively bred them and modern Pomeranians now only weight about 2.5 kilograms and come in varieties of colours . In nature, natural selection happens as well but unlike in selective selection it does not have an executioner who decides which characteristics are bred. In natural selection, the ones with characteristics that are favoured for survival get to live and pass on their genes, but the ones who do not, died out along with their characteristic because of their inability to compete. This could lead to extinction of that characteristic because it did not get passed on. On the other hand, the ones who survive pass on their characteristic to the next generation leading to change of morphology or behaviour of the species. The Galapagos finch birds is an example of selection in nature, Peter and Rosemary Grant observed the flinches in Galapagos Island and found out that there are 13 finch species with different behaviours and characteristic, after a drought in 1977, the average beak and body size of the bird increase, even in 1978 when the weather went back to normal, the size remains. The drought causes the smaller size birds with