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Excedrin Lab Report

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On a molecular basis the identification of the aspirin, acetaminophen, and caffeine via Rf values can be understood when looking at molecular symmetry and different functional groups. Caffeine had the lowest Rf value, with the caffeine crystals yielding a Rf value of 0.21. This is due to caffeine being the most polar molecules out of the three components. Caffeine has 4 Nitrogen atoms in the compound that are not symmetrically balanced out, along with two amide groups that are also not symmetric to each other. The amides and Nitrogen atoms make caffeine the most polar out of the three components, thus, causing caffeine to have the lowest Rf value. The middle Rf value out of the three was observed at 0.504 in acetaminophen. Meaning acetaminophen is more polar than aspirin, but not as polar as caffeine. …show more content…

We did the TLC to determine whether our predictions of our crystals were right by co-spotting with what we predicted each compound to contain. The TLC was successful in showing that we predicated each compound correctly because they co-spotted on the same horizontal line as the Excedrin component in them. Due to the different polarities of acetaminophen, aspirin, and caffeine they travelled different lengths up the plate, as discussed before, and this allowed for the overall success of TLC. The Rf values varied from about .21 for the caffeine, .50 for the acetaminophen, and .71 for the aspirin meaning we were able to easily differentiation whether our crystals and extracts contained one of the compounds. Due to the variety of polarity leading to a clear distinction in the Rf values of the three components, we were able to successfully use TLC to identify the compounds in each of our crystals and extracts. Thus, the TLC was an overall success; TLC was successful implemented in this lab as it was able to differentiation between the caffeine, aspirin, and acetaminophen in each of our crystals and

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To confirm the results for the known drugs, we can find the literature value of the Rf. For the unknown powder, we could repeat the TLC with both the unknown and predicted compounds on the same TLC plate to see if the Rf values match. To confirm the results of both the known and unknown we can also put the samples in a mass spectrometry. A lot of safety precautions were taken into consideration whilst doing the experiment.

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Based on the assumed contamination of the TLC plate and or capillary tube, it is not possible to tell whether acetaminophen was successfully separated from the Excedrin powder. The Rf values of isolated aspirin and pure aspirin were the same. This demonstrates that the aspirin was successfully separated and is relatively pure. The isolated caffeine sample had a higher Rf value but when viewed under UV light, the markings of isolated caffeine were within the bounds of the pure caffeine, leading to the conclusion that while isolated the caffeine sample was note

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This piece of evidence is not so compelling because the pH levels dropped for all drugs after the HCl was added because stomach acids neutralize the pH levels (“Painkillers & Acid Reflux Symptoms”). The most compelling piece of evidence is the color when we added the iron nitrate. They both turned black when the iron nitrate was added and no other pain reliever looked like those two. Unknown B is Bufferin because they both look like white powders and they were both insoluble. When the universal indicator was added they both turned orange, which indicted their pH level was 5.0.

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TLC was used to identify the actual unknown product as well as other products/reactants present in the filtered solution. The procedure was conducted by placing a TLC plate in a developing chamber that is filled with a small amount of solvent. The solvent cannot be too polar because it will cause spotted compounds on the TLC plate to rise up too fast, while a very non-polar solvent will not allow the spots to move. The polarity of the spots also determines how far it moves on the plate; non-polar spots are higher than polar ones. After spots on the TLC form, the Rf values are calculated and used to analyze the similarity of the compounds.

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