The Scientific Revolution was a period that saw the emergence new developments in the areas of mathematics, physics, astronomy, anatomy and more. During this time, these developments helped expose Europeans to new thoughts and influenced them to embrace these bold new ideas. First emerging in Europe after the conclusion of the Renaissance period in the 16th century, the Scientific Revolution did away with singular views and established a society that was for free thinking and independent. Though many of the new ideas that were introduced were initially blasted (including the idea of heliocentrism), most were supported by scientific proof and were thus accepted by the majority of people living in Europe. In addition, the Scientific Revolution introduced many noteworthy scientists to the world, making them household names. This included mathematicians Galileo Galilei and Sir Isaac Newton, German astronomer Johannes Kepler and physician William Harvey among others. …show more content…
Scientist Andreas Vesalius wrote the most controversial. Vesalius, an Italian anatomist and physician, published De humani corporis fabrica (On the Fabric of the Human Body) that year. In his guide, Vesalius used dissection of human corpses to provide an accurate account of a human’s anatomy. Most of his findings contradicted those that were written many hundred of years before by Greek physician Galen. Galen, as it turns out, had used animal dissection to conduct his writing. Though Vesalius discovered many things about and provided detailed descriptions of organs throughout the entire human body, he came under fire for his means of providing proof. William Harvey, who focused on blood circulation and the anatomy of the heart, furthered Vesalius work in medicine and anatomy about a century
Semmelweis was a pioneer in the medical field, but never knew
Holmes, being known as very intelligent at a surprisingly young age, expressed an interest in medicine, led him to practice on animals through cruel means of “surgery”. This was an
He theorized how the pulmonary system of a human’s arteries worked. It was a single passage that went unnoticed by everyone and could have changed medical history forever. Instead, William Harvey received credit for his medical breakthrough of the pulmonary system many years later. Unfortunately, some of the brightest people do not credited for their work or rewarded, but even more unfortunate is the lack of Servetus’ discovery being known until many years later. Many lives could have been saved with new knowledge of the human anatomy.
Vesalius’s discoveries were the basis of human anatomy, he was the first to specifically and accurately explain the human body, which is crucial to current medical and anatomical understanding. Vesalius has proven Galen wrong numerous times as “Vesalius discovered that the skull’s mandible consists of bone which contradicts Galen’s predictions that the mandible was two separate bones in the head” [Source 11] and “The sternum has three parts, not seven as Galen claimed on the basis of ape dissections.” [Source 10] This indicates Vesalius was continuously trying to improve as he continuously corrected what Galen and people believed was correct.
In 1539 Vesalius wrote an essay on bloodletting, where he described the veins that draw blood from the side of the torso, which later led to the discovery of the circulation of the blood by an english physician named William Harvey. His essay was a spectacular piece of work as everything Vesalius did, medical historians always appreciate Vesalius work but his groundbreaking book “ De Humani Corporis Fabrica” published in 1543 took them all. “ De Humani Corporis Fabrica” was published the same year Vesalius was offered the post of imperial physician at the court of Charles V, which is why I figure the book was dedicated to the emperor Charles V. Vesalius also opened his own private practice, but later on in 1556 Charles V abdicated his throne. Vesalius was immediately re-employed by his successor Philip II. Vesalius set out on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, when he reached there Vesalius received a letter from Padua inviting him to accept the chair of anatomy and surgery.
Perhaps this was the evolutionary moment of what lead him to be so interested in anatomy. He conducted many procedures on animals, mainly apes to see how the body was built and how it worked. He was one of the first to figure out that by clamping the ureters on living apes it made the kidneys swell. By doing that he was able to come to the conclusion that the kidneys produced urine. He would also experiment by surgically cutting or stimulating various nerves of the spin and by doing that he figured out what organs and muscles those nerves
He injected chloroform into the hearts of twins to see if they would die at the same time and way. On dwarfs serological research, and skeletal examination. In effort to study eye color he injected a serum into the eyeballs of children casing extreme pain. They were castrated frozen to death or exposed to other traumas. Another experiment would put them in pressure chambers test with drugs.
Earliest, the Roman Scientists. Roman scientists have made many discoveries and significant advancements—for example, Roman surgeon Galen. Galen was a greek physician and philosopher. One of his most famous discoveries was his discovery that arteries carry blood. "
Cadaver dissections began being performed, which lead to advanced knowledge of the human anatomy. During this time, it was discovered that the Earth revolved around the sun, not the opposite. Mathematics was studied and furthered to help in architectural buildings. The scientific method was also furthered during this period by performing controlled experiments, forming hypotheses, and interpreting data. The microscope and telescope were invented during the Renaissance as well.
Dr.Hirt was another doctor who did autopsies. He would take the bodies of freshly gassed prisoners and autopsy them. He studied these bodies in order to prove the “superiority” of the Aryan race. Dr.Mengle was very famous for experimenting with twins. He had a fascination with them.
Harvey William Harvey’s seminal work “On the Motion on the Heart and Blood in Animals” initiated modern medicine. Harvey’s arguments were detailed readily verifiable and though they did endure a fair bit of criticism when released, in most areas, they were accepted within his lifetime. Once his simple notion of the circulation of blood was carefully described others were able to see and understand its validity themselves. I will argue that William Harvey’s theory which used inductive reasoning to show, with experiments, how blood flowed from veins to arteries through the heart and deduced the existence of capillaries to return blood from arteries to veins. One of the main understandings of the day, proposed by Galen of Pergamon nearly 1500 years earlier, was that blood was a resource that was produced in the liver and consumed in the tissues and the brain.
The research I find most surprised about is regarding automotive technology with the use of human cadavers to test effectiveness of seat belts and car frames during tested crashes. I think I found myself most surprised about this because I always figured sim dummies were used for research such as this, and never thought about using a human
The Scientific Revolution started off with people questioning their own beliefs. People mainly questioned the physical world at the time. Before the Scientific Revolution people only referred to the bible and churches when they had any questions. After/during the Scientific Revolution scholars began to use observations, experimentations, and the Scientific method to gather knowledge about the physical world. The Scientific method helped scholars a lot because any scientific question they had could be scientifically answered.
Aristotle had said that the earth was the center of the universe, and no one ever questioned him. Aristotle had also made assumptions in the field of physics and Galileo was the first to go against them. Galileo made many discoveries with his telescope that were significant to science during the Renaissance. To view the solar system, Galileo made a telescope on his own. He had heard of the invention from a Dutch eyeglass maker, and improved his design.
Andreas Vesalius was born in 31st of December, 1514 and lived until 15th of October 1564 (In Zakynthos). His parents were Isabel Crabbe and Anders Van Wesel. In 1544 he married a woman named Anne Van Hamme and at 1545 also named Anne. He wrote one of the most famous book in human history named “De Humani Corporis Fabrica” which taught many people about the basics of the human body and its tissues. He is often called the “founder of human anatomy”.