Family System Theory/System Perspective

This paper offers an overview of two types of family system theories also known as general systems theory. It gives the origin and author of the proposed theory. This paper will give information regarding the context of each theory. It will explain the advantages of both theories and what type of individuals will benefit from the application of each. This paper will discuss possible usage of the theories and provide an analysis.

The Family System Theory/System Perspective

“Every human infant starts life fully dependent on others, specifically on the family of origin. Growing up involves progressive development of individual characteristics, and aspects of increasing independence. The development of

“Family systems theory allows one to understand the organizational complexity of families, as well as the interactive patterns that guide family interactions.” (International Encyclopedia of Marriage and Family, 2003) This particular theory states that one needs to understand the entire family unit to fully understand an individual in that family. Under this system, each family member within the unit learns what is expected of them and the boundaries of their role within the family. These views can influence an individual in their future roles and relationships. Von Bertalanffy felt that it was important to understand the makeup of the relationships in their lives. “We are seeking another basic outlook: the world as an organization. This would profoundly change categories of our thinking and influence our practical attitudes. We must envision the biosphere as a whole with mutually reinforcing or mutually destructive inter-dependencies.” (Von Bertalanffy, p. 289) This theory has many applications outside of the field of psychology. It not only addressed the family system perspective, but could be applied to computer science, social science and many other scientific areas. This theory has proved helpful when working with substance abuse intervention, health issues, traumatic events,

Murray Bowen was a psychiatrist who worked on this theory over many years. Bowen’s interest was sparked by watching a schizophrenic child and his mother. He began to notice the effects that this mental illness had on a patient and family member. This began to lead Bowen toward researching this theory. (Rabstejnek, Family Systems & Murray Bowen Theory) In this particular theory, Bowen focuses more on the emotional balance that one experiences within the family unit which is slightly different from the Von Bertalanffy theory. “Bowen noticed patterns of managing anxiety is that were similar to the instinctive ways other species dealt with threats in (or to) their herds and packs. Bowen saw our personal and relationship problems as coming from exaggerated responses to sensing a threat to family harmony and that of other groups.” (The Family System Institute, n.d.) The action or behavior of one family member can affect the action or behaviors of the entire family unit. An example of this theory would be a mother who experiences a traumatic event such as a loss of employment. This will have an effect on the entire family. The anxiety the mother feels will effect the mother’s behavior which will become noticeable to the whole family. The family will then begin to feel the anxiety expressed by the mother. The atmosphere of the family could alter due to this event not only