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What is fiscal policy
Chapter 1: Canada’s Federal Political System
Chapter 1: Canada’s Federal Political System
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The next bargain was the fiscal bargain, which was used through around the period of the 1700s up until the 1800s and further. The concept of the fiscal bargain was about rulers needing a larger amount of resources. To obtain these resources, they follow through with expanding on their core bargain with their people by exchanging an expansion on privileges, legal rights such as economic infrastructure, and an expanded internal security, for military power. Fiscal bargain is what makes it possible to have a linear military in which there is an exchange with subjects for there to be a permanent taxing and debt tied to them for the future of the state. This is what makes it possible for there to be giant militaries of over 200,000 soldiers as
In The Next Canada: In Search of Our Future Nation Myrna Kostash assesses the future of Canada, one that she argues is different from her own generation. For the purpose of this research paper I will focus on Kostash’s subsection on culture and media – pages 65 to 76. It begins with the nexus generation, the group of individuals who bridge two periods of technological popularity: Industrial and Information (Kostash 65). This group, who was born between the early 1960s and late 1970s, have a unique ability to acknowledge the past while also living and understanding new wave technology as it grew. Kostash argues that mass media became the language of the generation and their ability to understand its broadcasting was a skill – they were experts.
The Senate is a chamber of "sober second thought" in which its members review the legislation that has passed through three readings in the House of Commons. They review most of the bills with a lens that explanations for their regional constituents, particularly those who may not have figured into the debate of the MPs who represent most their constituents, and evaluate how each new law or policy would affect the Canadian people (Dodek, 2015, 39). But this legislative body has long been criticized for not being representative of a democracy and there is no time in our history in which there have not been calls for its abolition or reform. According to Docherty (2002) the Canadian Senate "represents and embodies some of the most anti-democratic
The national debt for Canada acquired in the war grew at an alarming rate, where because of the war, Canada had to pay $164 million per year to pay off their debt. Overall, Canada's total debt reached $1,665,576,000 because of the war. It was due to this cost that income tax would be implemented, and even after the war debt was paid off, the government had grown in both size and power, causing them to not repeal the act after the war. This overall benefitted Canada’s economy in the long term, leading to economic growth and forever changing Canada. Wars need to be paid for, and the resources required are resources that the common civilian would otherwise consume.
According to the article “The Prime Minister & Cabinet in Canada” the Prime Minister and Cabinet both sit at the high end of the executive power in Canada. The Cabinet have the responsibility of administering certain areas of public policy. Subsequently, the position of the Cabinet was originally made by British Monarchs by relying and giving responsibilities to a smaller committee of the Privy Council. Eventually, Britain changed their Monarchial system of government to a democratic system leading to a change in the role of the Cabinet. This allowed the Cabinet the responsibility in leading the government.
In the late 1800s, the U.S Treasury Department used sales tax and tariffs to fund its federal budget. A tax or tariffs are funds that are paid to the government that are added when something is bought that is considered valuable. Because of the Civil war, there was a financial burden on the country. In 1861, Congress reacted by implementing taxes on individuals. The first income tax started off by taxing individuals 3% making more than $800, while people who made more than that gave up a larger percentage.
Expansionary fiscal policy refers to increases in government spending or decreases in taxes or both, so that the net effect on aggregate demand is an increase in net government spending. Contractionary fiscal policy is the complete opposite: increases in taxes or reduced government spending or both, so that the net effect on aggregate demand is a decrease in net government spending. Expansionary policy is utilized when recession phases occur. The contractionary policy will be used at or near the peak of the cycle (business) when the economy reaches full-employment GDP and inflation accelerates may increase. Explain what is meant by a built-in stabilizer and give two examples.
Maioni tried to underline the importance of structural factors adding additional explanations which is based on Canadian federalism and party politics. Mioni not only tried to convince the readers of what she was discussing by providing historical proves but she also left a print in the reader’s mind. The case allows us to control such factors that are not being controlled for in comparisons to Europe. The centralized parliamentary system presented in Canada allowed for major changes to take place.
In the essay, “Federalism, Nationalism, and Reason”, Pierre Trudeau addresses the history and origins of self-determination and nationalism and its central role in federal statehood, he then discusses the interactions of federalism and nationalism in a Canadian context. Trudeau posits major arguments that will be assessed in this review. First, he postures that that the federal state is driven by self-determination and nationalism, which ultimately makes it unstable due to its foundation in emotionalism rather than reason. Second, Trudeau outlines the historical factors that resulted in the separatist narrative in Quebec and claims that Canadian nationalism cannot combat Quebec’s regional nationalism. Trudeau begins the essay with a historical
Theodore Roosevelt Of all the presidents to lead the United States, Theodore Roosevelt was one of the most important and influential ones in history. He emphasized development and peace for the country. Development for the country came through national services and safety acts President Theodore Roosevelt put into place. He also brought peace for America as he was a good negotiator during times of protest and war. There is some opposition that Theodore Roosevelt was not one of the most important and influential presidents, saying that some of his actions throughout his presidency did not help the country.
In the years from 1945 – 2000, Canada developed and changed as a nation. These changes had both positive and negative effects and many have subject to controversy throughout Canada. With global crises at hand, such as the Cold War, Canada found itself involved in international affairs in a way it had never been before. The role Canada had to take in the international community greatly developed Canada’s international role. Throughout this, Canada found itself heavily influenced by the US and struggled to keeps its autonomy from American influences and maintain friendly relations with the United States.
Federalism affects Public Policy In Canada the health care system is a group of health insurance plans which provide coverage for all Canadian citizens. Health care is a public policy in Canada and it is greatly affected by federalism because of its power enabling a significant role in the development of the health care policy. It is funded through provincial support with guidelines set by the federal government. There are some differences between the federal power and provincial power in health care. The majority of the legislative power in health care is granted to the provincial level of the government.
Social Welfare Policy and Child Protection – Strength and Limitations Since last two decades Canada being experienced softer and harder forms of neo-liberal economic impetus (McKeen, 2006). Many of these reforms targeted social benefits and divided marginalized people into deserved and undeserved category (McKeen, 2006). At a large level, social policies are shaped by the exploration of dominant ideas about a social issue. Existing political views and the interest of the dominant policy community are predominantly influencing policy making (McKeen, 2006). The mainstream discourses for solutions of social problems and policy outcomes are increasingly underrepresented and narrow down the focus of social welfare in Canada (McKeen, 2006).
Canada was originally founded on July 1, 1867. At that time only four provinces existed. Today, there are ten provinces. They government that exists in Canada is mainly a parliamentary democracy. Canada is governed by a Prime Minister who holds the executive power.
The fiscal policy is primarily an instrument in the hands of the government whereby it estimates its revenues and expenditures in the economy. This is a very important tool as it would define the flow of money from different sources, indicating the level of activity in the economy. It also defines the broad policies of the government indicating the outwards flow of money in to different sectors of the economy to maintain the overall health of the economy and fulfill its social goals. Apart from the fiscal policy every country has monetary policy at its disposal.
