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Quiz on types of evidence for forensic science
Application of forensic science
Crime scene investigation case studies
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The Department of Justice says, "States began passing laws requiring offenders convicted of certain offenses to provide DNA samples. " That DNA evidence can help convict someone of a crime and it helps to uncover more things about the crime itself. Investigators have been using forensic science to help them solve cases since before the 90 's, mostly fingerprints that were found at the crime scenes and on the victims (O 'Brien). DNA evidence has solved countless cases including ones that happened over a prolonged period of time because of the technological advancements there is
Comparing simple techniques simply to retrieve a piece of evidence is completely different as we learn more about the science and learn from the mistakes made in the past. Looking back at the 1800’s and comparing the technology of the 21st century, the difference is certainly huge. The increase in technology makes information more vast and more ideas can be shared easily. Many sciences are based off many “what ifs” while forensic science is more factual and attempt to solve puzzling occurrences and events and get down to what truly
Casey Anthony “Smell of Death” In the summer of 2008, Casey Anthony daughter Caylee Anthony was last seen on June 16, 2008. No one knows where she was nor did Casey report that her daughter was missing. Time went by with no sign of Caylee reappearing. Casey’s mother called and reported that her granddaughter was missing and that Casey’s car smelled like a dead body had been in there.
Evidence is vital for any crime scene. No matter the case, police need to be carefully precise, speedy, and methodical to be able to collect this crucial evidence. With the very well handled cases out there, some slip through the cracks. Evidence that is linked to a crime can be contaminated, destroyed, or forgotten about which leads to finding a suspect to be hard. One example of this happening is the infamous murder case of JonBenet Ramsey.
DNA analysis is part of Individual evidence because it can lead back to only one person. It is circumstantial because the evidence is assumed to be part of the crime, whereas direct evidence shows that the evidence found was directly connected to the crime. It is a biological piece of evidence because it contains biological material, like DNA. To do DNA analysis, a gel made of agarose needs to be created. If there is only a little bit of DNA, PCR can be used to replicate the DNA that is found.
The arson evidence relates to the car crash and how the car was burned to hide the evidence. The evidence from the bite mark cleared up my client, John’s story who stated he was in a bar fight the night prior to when being questioned. The use of blood spatter helped investigators determine where the victim was killed in the cabin and how many possible killers there were. Blood detection helped discover what killed the
Presentation of Evidence: In order to try to prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, the prosecution will first present its case. This evidence may include witnesses, records, and forensic data. After then, the defence will get a chance to question the witnesses for the prosecution. Defense's Case:
A positive aspect of this is that forensic scientists only need a small amount of a sample to get the results they need (“Forensic Science” 12). These samples can come from many other forms of identification other than fingerprints and bloodstains. A few moderate examples include strands of hair, tiny beads of sweat, and a saliva specimen (“Forensic Science” 12). Forensic Science Technicians stated that “crime scene investigators may use tweezers, black lights, and specialized kits to identify and collect evidence.” They also stated that examining autopsies prove to be beneficial in a crime investigation (“Forensic Science Technicians”
I feel that DNA is the only reliable forensic tool because its principles are example of real science. Mentioned in the video, forensic science was developed by law enforcement, but DNA analysis was developed by medical science. A much more reliable source. There may be certain situations where DNA isn’t the best tool to go off of. Like for example if there isn’t an enough quantity of it at the scene of a crime or if it has been mixed with someone else’s (Kaye and Sensabaugh, 2000).
Doing this, helpws protect the evidence and prevent cross contamination. The crime scene is the physical area where a crime is thought to of occurred and where the evidence of the said crime is thought to reside. Vital evidence to a case, can be found at a crime scene. This includes, fingerprints, DNA, foot prints, bullets, bullet casings, fibers, etc. It is important to determine if a crime has in fact been committed, if so, the officer must initiate enforcement action, by arresting or pursuing the offender or dispatching apprehension information.
Science has come a long way over the years. It has helped countless every day struggles and cure diseases most commonly found. What you don’t hear about however is the advancement of forensic science. Forensic science has helped solve countless cases of murder, rape, and sexual assault. In the case of John Joubert, it helped solve the murders of three young boys with one small piece of evidence that linked him directly to the crime.
In many cases, post-conviction DNA testing has revealed that the DNA found at the crime scene did not match the DNA of the individual who was convicted. We use DNA to link crimes, DNA evidence can link crimes that were previously thought to be unrelated by identifying the same perpetrator through matching DNA profiles found at multiple crime scenes. Like we identify suspects we can also Identify victims, DNA evidence can be used to identify victims of crimes, such as in cases where the victim's body has been severely damaged or decomposed. Providing evidence in court DNA evidence is admissible as evidence in court and can be presented to a jury to help establish the guilt or innocence of a defendant. DNA evidence has become an important tool in the criminal justice system and has helped to solve many crimes, as well as prevent the conviction of innocent individuals and try so hard to find out who the offenders
Today, modern standards require the burden of proof be brought forth by the plaintiff, or prosecution in criminal cases. This means that the accused no longer has to prove they did not commit the crime, but the prosecution has to prove that all the evidence proves the accused did in fact commit the crime in question. Circumstantial evidence is not enough, but physical evidence, or forensic evidence is now required in modern courts for a conviction. Additionally, the modern standard when considering evidence, and for conviction is “beyond a reasonable doubt.”
Meiosis and mitosis are forms of nucleus division in eukaryotic cells that occur after the Interphase or DNA replication of cell division occurs (OpenStax, 2013). Mitosis and meiosis are similar in their function to split the cell nucleus and form new cells however, the process for meiosis is much more involved. The process of meiosis is broken into two phase Meiosis I and Meiosis II with each having similar sub-phases where mitosis is one phase broken down into sub-phases similar to Meiosis II. The reason for meiosis to have two phases is that there are actually two separate cell divisions that will occur over meiosis. In Meiosis I the sub-phases consist of the following six phase.
Crime scene photography, sometimes referred to as forensic photography or forensic imaging, is the art of producing an accurate representation of an accident or crime scene. Crime scene photography is an important asset in the collection of evidence at the crime scene, documents the appearance and location of victims, shell casings, footprints, bloodstain patterns, and other physical evidence. In order for photographs to be admissible in a court of law, the standard for photographs of crime scenes and evidence must be of sufficient quality. Photography has a vital role in the decision made in court because the pictures are to represent the scene as it was exactly. Digital SLR single reflex camera is the most often used camera in crime scene investigations.
