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Freewill And Determinism By Saul Mcleod

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The question of if humans are truly responsible for their own actions has sparked a debate in humanity throughout history. In the non-fiction article, “Freewill and Determinism” written by Saul McLeod, he compares the different aspects of freewill and determinism. Throughout the article, McLeod explains how freewill and determinism, while very different, go hand in hand with each other. To go with that, in the play Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare, many of the explanations in the article as to why people do what they do can be helpful when trying to figure out Macbeth's poor decision making. To begin the story, Macbeth was a trustworthy and loyal warrior for King Duncan. However, Macbeth starts to form a desire to be King. His goal to …show more content…

In act one, Macbeth receives news that King Duncan decided to name Malcolm the Prince of Cumberland. The news troubles Macbeth greatly as his quest for power is threatened. In order to achieve his goal, Macbeth concludes he must dismiss the direction of fate and take matters into his own hands. Macbeth expresses his feelings by saying “The Prince of Cumberland! That is a step on which I must fall down, or else over leap, For in my way it lies. Stars, hide your fires! Let not see my black and deep desires” (I.4.50-53). Macbeth’s true character is finally shown. The description of “black and deep desires” foreshadows the malicious crime he will cause. His poisoned ambition causes chaos while mixing with his free will. Macbeth is “self determined” (McLeod), which ultimately directs him to his …show more content…

The three evil witches are said to have control over his future. However, these three were just another mind game that should have been avoided. The witches chant “All hail, Macbeth, that shalt be king hereafter” (I.3.51). In other words, they are saying that Macbeth will be king in the near future. While it may be true the witches can suggest and predict, they never have complete control. Macbeth’s already harmful mindset collides with the witches. “(S)he is propelled in this direction by environmental circumstances” (McLeod). In this case, Macbeth is not in the correct state of mind to realize the witches are just another voice and the decision is ultimately

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After the initial combat, Macbeth juxtaposes the ominous weather and military success, ‘So fair and foul a day I have not seen’, eliciting an image of an absurd, inverted world that conveys supernatural power as a tumultuous, profound force that alters and pollute the natural state of the world and will influence individuals. Following Macbeth’s enchanted reaction to the witches, Banquo cynically expresses the nature of the witches using the metaphor, ‘The instruments of darkness tell us truths, win us with honest trifles, to betrays’s in deepest consequences’, convoluting Banquo’s fear of manipulation due to the witches prophecy which communicates the apprehensive fear attached to supernatural power. Following Macbeth’s contradicting exclaim, Macbeth uses visceral imagery in, ‘Whose horrid image doth unfix my hair / And make my seated heart knock at my ribs’, fosters an image of fear and doubt, presented within Macbeth, engraved by the previous words of the witches intensifying the corrupting and profound force of supernatural power with its overpowering drive to influence susceptible individuals.

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