This is a strong case to say that males who take on their gender role more so than others are more likely to engage in sexual violence and violent or aggressive behaviour in general. This also shows that individuals who display high levels of masculinity are more likely to be physically aggressive.

Gender roles and masculinity give a solid argument for explaining a cause of violent and criminal behaviour, within their findings, however the studies lack a definition of masculinity and how to measure it other than physical displays of aggression. This creates difficulty in testing masculine males against non-masculine males and differentiating between them. Without being able to distinguish a non-aggressive masculine male, these studies can