Gibson Winter Code Of Ethics

Gibson Winter (1966) defines ethics by describing the functions it serves in the social world. As an active enterprise, he says, "Ethics seeks to clarify the logic and adequacy of the values that shape the world; it assesses the moral possibilities which are projected and betrayed in the social give-and-take" (p. 218). Anyone engaged in ethical reflection takes on the task of analyzing and evaluating the principles embodied in various alternatives for conduct and social order. Ethics is, according to Winter, "a science of human intentionality" (p. 219). For most of us, ethics of any kind concerns right and wrong behavior defined in terms of moral choice, and in addition for some it includes the notion of pursuing the good life (Cox, 2009).

The most problematic roles are those not clearly defined, usually because there is little agreement about the boundaries of responsibility associated with them. Public administrators are responsible for certain duties (those that constitute the professional role), they sometimes believe they are obligated to act otherwise. This occurs because administrators, along with everyone else in modern society, maintain an array of roles related to family, community, and society, each carrying a set of obligations and vested with certain personal interests.
“The Aviation and Transportation Security Act (ATSA) requires that the screening of individuals and property in the United States commercial airports be conducted by TSA employees and companies under contract with TSA” (Kolmstetter, 2003, p. 40). TSA’s decision to hire 50,000 screeners to staff 429 federal airports drew criticism. There was a public perception that too many screeners were working at checkpoint. Tax payers who were concerned about the overzealous spending commonly referred to TSA’s abbreviation as meaning, “Thousands Standing

Many of those decisions are made under stressful conditions. In her analysis of how stress changes how people make decisions, Mather (2012) argues that stress allows people to focus on the way things could go right, so the probability of making the best decision is high. In December 2001, Richard Reid attempted to detonate an improvised explosive device (IED) that was hidden in his shoe. As a result, TSA officials made the decision to randomly select and screen passenger’s footwear. Passengers were selected at random to remove their shoes; submit to for x-ray screening. In addition, passengers would receive a physical inspection of their property as well as an explosive trace detection inspection. This process became an inconvenience to the passengers because it was time-consuming and there have been reports that screeners were profiling based on age, gender and race.
On August 10, 2006, British officials announced that a terrorist plot to detonate explosives on airliners traveling to the United States and Canada was foiled. Secretary of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Michael Chertoff issued the following