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Through the personal stories that Miller shared, it’s obvious that racial profiling plays a large role in arrest rates and cycles of incarceration. While the world has made a significant stride in racial injustices in comparison to the country’s past, racism still exists. When, and how, is this going to end? This is an important factor to consider in both aspects of the incarceration system and reentry process, as racial profiling occurs in both. Also, the true cause of guilt is important to consider as many people are falsely accused.
A Look Into Racial Profiling The shooting of Trayvon Martin, a black teen, brutally shot by a neighborhood watchmen, George Zimmerman, brought up the discussion in America about a cruel, disgustingly common practice, racial profiling. Trayvon Benjamin Martin was a street smart boy living in Miami Gardens, Florida. He was home, visiting his father after a drug-related suspension from school. When Martin was calling his girlfriend, he was seen by the watchman, Zimmerman.
Member of diverse ethnic and racial groups, particularly African Americans, believe that they are not treated with respect and believe that there is institutional racism in law enforcement. Institutionalized racism can be harmful to those impacted. For example, the use of pre-employment standardized tests claim that this kind of assessment could be biased toward people of a certain culture, so minorities tend to score lower (p. 48). Racism within law enforcement agencies has been documented for decades.
In this article, the Miller explores the connection of racial disparity between dark, Latinos and white in the American Criminal Justice structures. The article argues that the racial disparity occurs on the basis of wrongdoing, crime, and imprisonment on African American, Latinos as compared with whites. Additionally, it claims the relationship of race and crime rates that conclude that black, Latinos receive high severe punishment than whites. As indicated by the Miller, the crime rates for blacks are seven times higher than whites. It also measures the effect of the high crime rate on racial minorities that they face significant issue for kids, families, marriage, neighborhood inconvenience, and neediness.
Racial or any profiling compiles behavioral characteristics associated with particular criminal actions, creating an original form of a yet unknown people who might be more likely than others to perpetrate the crime. The serial killer profiling was generated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), which use crime scene evidence that implies the character of the perpetrator and helps narrow the scope of analysis. It was based on lengthy interviews with 33 convicted killers, an actual grounding like to the drug carrier sketch of Operation Pipeline (below). Racial profiling results when a complicated set of factors (which can include race) including a particular criminal profile are torn away in practice, transformed into an unjustified reduction: “Minorities are more prone to have drugs or commit additional crimes than are whites.”
Without proclaiming overt racial discrimination by the courts and police, we do substantiate the presence of contemporary law enforcement policies and practices that are immoral by design in the eyes of marginalized groups in America. Furthermore, supported by the research done by the National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) over 95 million regulatory traffic stops, “The authors found Black drivers were less likely to be stopped after sunset, when it is more difficult to determine a driver’s race, suggesting bias in stop decisions.” The validation of a detectable bias present in the adjudicators of the law by a federal body legitimizes the preconceived notion that the judiciary process is anchored in bigotry and racial bias. The effects of this institutionalized prejudice, accompanied by the often destructive excessive sentences, result in the obstruction of progress in marginalized communities and furthering the cycle onto another generation. Through the history of the United States, the judicial system and imprisonment subsequently utilized as a form of control of underrepresented minorities, installing a system of disparity across these
Michelle Alexander proceeds with another rhetorical question to allow the audience to further reflect on the current situation and stress the corruption of the justice system “If McCleskey’s evidence was not enough to prove discrimination in the absence of some kind of racist utterance, what would be?” (Alexander 67). She uses facts and statistics prior to this “the researchers found that defendants charged with killing white victims were 4.3 times more likely to receive a death sentence than defendants charged with killing blacks” (Dissenting 321; referenced by Alexander 67) to assert evidence of the racial profiling present in the American justice system. The persuasive technique is used to assert her opinion towards the audience by relating
it’s time to hold law enforcement liable for their actions and practices involving targeting people because of their race, nationality and ethnicity. Racial profiling is a disputable topic in today’s society that has worsened over the years. Some might argue that social media is the reason for all the controversy; believing its influencing peoples attitude toward a certain direction depending on the situation, others believe minorities are being targeted.
Although, most witnesses are reluctant to stand up and testify against a prosecutor in any case, it is the fear of one’s safety and witness intimidation which is the reason many are hesitant to take action. An individual witness a violent crime in the neighborhood, and is able to identify the perpetrator, he should contact the authorities and testify against the criminal. Whenever someone is a witness to a crime, one’s should feel guilty if it is not reported. The witness of any crime should have integrity and do what is right and not fear what may happen because their rights are protected by the law. If you’ve witnessed a crime you should report it because you could potentially save someone’s life, and help put away a dangerous threat to
James A. Forbes, an interdenominational minister in New York, once said, “When people rely on surface appearances and false racial stereotypes, rather than in-depth knowledge of others at the level of the heart, mind and spirit, their ability to assess and understand people accurately is compromised.” Forbes is saying that many humans judge by the color of the skin on the outside, rather than the fact that there is no difference on the inside. Humans also rely on the actions of those before that person with the same skin color. Unfortunately, humans do not try to get to know who a person really is and the personality of that person, they just assume that all African Americans are alike and not their own person. Statistics state that minority
It is evident that racial profiling exists in society, but it is how we address it now that will shape the future of our community and country. If we work to eliminate stereotypes, people will not be judged solely based on assumptions people make about them, whether it spans from citizens to police officers. We now must stand together in the fight to keep equality for all by attempting to halt institutional ethnic and racial profiling, before more tragic events
Being racially profiled is a part of day to day life as a black male, or maybe racial profiling happens way more of than it should, between black males and the police. Being judgmental most often gives the police tunnel vision to only see the fancy cars and the nice jewelry being worn by black males, and they automatically assume he is a drug dealer. The outward appearance often gives the police a preconceived notation about black males, due to the sagging pants and gold teeth, which in Police eyes marks them as less than a working-class citizen. Police often encounter African American males by traffic stops when driving, often times without probable cause, and executing illegal searches of that individual property. In today’s society, black males are more likely to be racially profiled by Police than any other male ethnicity, creating barriers, hatred, and distrust between black males and the police.
Unrest, Ferguson, segregation, riot and #BlackLivesMatter are just some of the words that kept its firm place on front-pages of media outlets despite other issues concerning the United States. Recently, with the start of shooting of Trayvon Martin, there have been constant racial profiling cases that have led to many fatal shootings affecting blacks, many of them merely being in their youth. So, what really is “Racial Profiling”? It is an enduring, and extremely concerning problem that have been facing the United States for decades, despite conservative’s claims that it has already entered a “Post-racial era”. This practice involves law enforcement officers, who target individuals or groups on suspicion of crime based on their race and ethnicity.
In 2005, however, Supreme Court, granted to review the Ninth Circuit ruling and as a result overturned the Ninth Circuit ruling and ruled that California’s policy of assigning inmates to racially segregated cells constitutionally suspect and the Court dismissed the “separate but equal” policy (Grumberger, 274). Justice Sandra Day O’Connor wrote, “We rejected the notion that separate can ever be equal.. 50 years ago in Brown v. Board of Education, and we refuse to resurrect it today,” As a result the court ruled that policies that create race-based classifications are subject to strict scrutiny (Noll, 849). Strict scrutiny is the level of review used when a fundamental constitutional right is infringed, or when the government action involves
When analyzing a concept like racial profiling, it is essential to attempt to determine why the practice exists in the first place, what the structures are that enable the practice to continue to exist, and what sort of effect these factors have on society. Racial profiling is a self-perpetuating cycle that is deeply embedded in our cultures old and traditional ways of thinking. This ingrained racism enables racial profiling, which enables racism and so forth. As the US Department of Justice explains, it “perpetuates[s] negative racial stereotypes that are harmful to our rich and diverse democracy, and materially impair[s] our efforts to maintain a fair and just society (US Department of Justice, 2003). Jones comments on this saying that racial
