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Indonesia From 1850 To 1910

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Indonesia from 1850 to 1915

Basics about Present Day Indonesia Indonesia is located in Southeast Asia, and has a population estimated at around 255 million people. Their main religion is Islam at 87%, their mixed economy is 16th largest in the world, and the official language spoken in Indonesia is Indonesian. Main events in Indonesia’s history include: European colonization, specifically the Portuguese, the Dutch East India Company, the Netherlands East Indies, and the national awakening. A great video that helps explains this topic in another way is this one by John Green.

The Portuguese
The first European country to reach Indonesia was Portugal in 1512. The reason Portugal was able to colonize this area was due to their advances in weaponry, technology, shipbuilding, and navigation. Portugal’s intention for colonizing this area was that they wanted to acquire the valuable spices, like nutmeg, found there, and they also wanted to place missionaries in the area in order to spread Roman Catholicism. Originally, in 1522, Portuguese explorers wanted to have a peace treaty, and an alliance with the West Javan Sunda kingdom although their efforts were futile due to the fact that the kingdoms were extremely hostile towards the explorers. After these useless attempts, …show more content…

Mooi Indie was an genre of art that focused on the nature of the East Indies. Some of the main themes include; nature scenes like volcanoes, villages, valleys, and mountains, and scenes of people like nobles, native women, and workers. Some artists that participated in this genre are Du Chattel, Bauer, Moojen, Velthuijzen, Eland, Frank, and Dake. The landscape inspired artists like Du Chattel’s to create pieces of the romantic scenery, like the Mooi Indie or also known as the “Beautiful Indies.” Although this term started off to describe paintings of the breathtaking scenery, it was soon used by Sudjojono to mock these artist in

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597 Words | 3 Pages

DBQ European Exploration From 1400 to 1700 C.E. the Europeans began explorations into the new world and made settlements in the Americas. The explorers included Columbus, Magellan, and Cortez, and they are known in this era also known as the Age of Exploration. One of the European countries to first explore was Spain; however, the Spanish were not, one would say, good house guests. The Spanish saw the natives as inferior and In need of Christianity. The settlers mistreated the natives even though the laws back in Spain declared justice in dealing with the natives.

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In the 16th century, the Portuguese was able to find a route around the Cape of Good Hope that got them involved in the Indian Ocean trade. The trade was dominated by Asian traders who operate from East Africa to India and from Eastern India to Indonesia. The Portuguese replaced these Asian traders to Venetian, Genoese and Catalan traders. Soon in 1507-1515, Portugal conquered carefully calculated cities like Goa, Malacca and Hormuz and set up a base in these cities. The impact the Portuguese bring to the Indian Ocean trade is when they enter the trade for the benefit of wealth and power over Spain and the Muslims, they took control over trading cities with spices through the use of violent force and strategic methods which cause the Portuguese

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Before the Portuguese got into the Indian ocean to begin maritime trade there was mainly land-based trading going on with the nations/countries around them and some maritime trade. As the countries began to trade more and more they all soon had the products that each country around them had to offer. That’s when the Portuguese decided to try and transform maritime trade. The Portuguese wanted the three g’s every country dreams of: God, Glory, and Gold. Although many Scholars would argue that the Portuguese transformed maritime trade, they did not due to how power hungry they got and waging war with the nations and the effects left on the countries.

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In the 1500’s and 1600’s, Europe dived into an era of exploration of new trade routes. Exploration carried out by explorers like Cortes, Diaz and Da Gama led Europe into new lands. The main motivations of these explorers were to gather spices and gold. Their countries were infatuated with the spices of Asia and with precious metals. Religion was not the main motivation for European exploration during the 15th and 16th centuries; however, the search for wealth was.

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The Portuguese negatively impacted the Indian Ocean Trade through the introduction of violence and conquering foreign lands to help impose their control and rule over the region. The Portuguese wanted to control the spice trade and gain access to luxury goods produced in Asia because they were marketable items that could make both European merchants and the Portuguese Empire profits. Moreover, the more

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Therefore the explorers should be glorified for bringing back goods, Flourishing capitalism, and bringing or giving new knowledge and ideas to the natives and Indonesians. The Europeans were great explorers and founded many countries that we see in our everyday lives today, Through exploring they brought back many goods that we use in everyday life. According to doc 3 and 8, the Europeans gave the people in Indonesia and the Natives animals and other goods, in exchange for new spices,

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In an era when spices were just as sought after as precious silks, several countries participated in a race to find trade routes to Asia. Christopher Columbus imagined a path across the Atlantic, one that led to a dead end: the Americas. Suddenly, the goal of the race changed. Countries began searching for a strait that connected the Atlantic and the Pacific, opening a route to the Spice Islands. Ferdinand Magellan, a Portuguese cartographer and sailor, looked to Spain for support on an expedition to the Spice Islands.

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Asia between 1750-1900 experienced outrageous amounts of imperialism. China was put under spheres of influence, meaning that they had areas of their nation which were controlled by outside nations for the imperializing nation's benefit. Britain traded English wool and Indian cotton for Chinese tea and textiles; however, as Chinese demand slackened, Britain sought other means of attracting trade with China. By the 1830s, Britain realized it could make up the trade deficit with China by selling Indian opium into the Chinese market, making opium Britain's most profitable and important crop in world markets. Eventually, opium poured into China and soon Chinese merchants already addicted themselves and buying for an addicted population paid British

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Things such as this first native political society, Budi Otomo, was founded in 1908. Then the first mass-based political party, the Sarekat Islam (Islamic Union) in 1911. Other groups and movements continued to be founded as time continued. A big moment for moving towards indonesian nationalism was the declaration of the youth pledge in 1928. During this, three ideals were proclaimed, “to wit one motherland, one nation and one language.”

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The exploration and colonization practices of the Portuguese and Spanish had many similarities and differences to their British counterparts. Exploration and colonization where a very important aspect of any country during this time period (1450-1750), as colonies across the world led to greater profits and more control. The Portuguese and Spanish has very specific exploration and colonization practices. King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella highly supported exploration (by supporting Columbus’s exploration and establishing empires in the New World).

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He later was interested in Africa which the Portuguese didn 't know much

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During the 15th and 16th centuries, leaders of a few European nations sent expeditions out in the hope that explorers would find great wealth and vast undiscovered lands. The Portuguese were the earliest participants in this “Age of Discovery.” Starting in about 1420, Portuguese ships sailed the African coast, carrying spices, gold, slaves and other goods from Africa and Asia to Europe.

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After many failed attempts, miraculously in 1518 Portuguese found a small island in the Indian Ocean which was a home for cinnamon. Up to this century, Portuguese were buying spices through Arabs. Removing the middleman from the equation, Portuguese started to direct trade spices from Ceylon, Malabar Indian Coast, and Fareast coast. After Arabs, Portuguese started the next trade monopoly over spices.

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This will include considerations of the harsh competition that Portugal faced from other European colonisers, against which they did not have the capacity to defend their Asian and Pacific territories, and also the political factors that led to the loss of Brazil. The beginning of the global Empire

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The first time this is brought up is when the Muslims asked the sultan for cannons to fend off the Portuguese. Many years after the Portuguese takeover, the Ruler of the Sultanate of Aceh wrote a letter requesting cannons to stop the Portuguese ships from attacking and taking their goods (Doc. 4). This proves how the Muslims needed reinforcements to even get close to stopping the Portuguese from raiding the ships to steal their cargo and enslave their men. This letter was sent shortly after the Portuguese defended the Turks from taking possession of the city (Sourcing 3). The next example of the Portuguese madness was when they established a heavy tax for passing ships to pay.

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