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Initiative Vs Guilt-Age 3 Stage Analysis

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this stage discovers that he or she has many skills and abilities like putting on shoes and clothes and playing with toys and such skills illustrate the child’s growing sense of independence and autonomy. Erickson therefore states that it is important for parents to allow the children to discover the limits of their abilities and also encourage them by giving them an environment which is tolerant of failure. If parents encourage and support their child’s increased independence, the child becomes more confident and secure in their own ability to survive in the world. But if the children are criticized, overly controlled and not given the chance to assert themselves, they start to feel inadequate in their ability to survive. They may therefore become overly dependent upon others, feel a sense of shame or doubt in their own abilities and lack self esteem. McLeod, S. A. (2013)
Initiative Vs Guilt-Age 3
During this stage, the children discover sex differences and start learning sex roles. Curiosity is high during this stage. During this stage according …show more content…

They also learn to carry out individual and group roles. Teachers take up a very important role in the child’s life as they teach the child specific skills. During this stage, the child’s peer group will have greater significance and becomes a great source of the child’s self esteem. The child feels that he/ she needs to win her peers approval by showing them certain skills or competences and begin to develop a sense of pride in their competences. When we encourage them for their initiative, the children begin to feel industrious and therefore feel confident in their ability to achieve their goals but if the child’s initiative is not encouraged, or if the parents or the teacher restrict it, the child begins to feel inferior and doubts his own abilities and may therefore not reach their potential. McLeod, S. A.

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This is where the child should learn to have respect for themselves and others, develop the skills socially meaning to interact with the other children and learn their different emotions and how to deal with this which is the emotional part. A child will learn to develop their own personality and opinions but this also needs to be monitored to ensure there is no bullying towards the other children, also parents have major roles in teaching their children. Some parents however, can be over-protective and can delay the child’s development and learning but on an alternative, parents can also see no wrong with their child which can lead to too much confidence and higher risk of behaviour problems. Culture play roles in learning as some cultures do not allow certain things to be taught due to there religion e.g. food tasting and preparation.

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That means at this age babies have no self -control. It is very important for parents and caregivers to help babies to gain self-control by paying attention to them and pick them up when there are crying. Also, we need to show them that they can rely to us when they comfort and security. That will help them to become more secure and more independent as they become older. 3.

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Through this knowledge, the teacher can presume how children of a particular age group will act, what they are capable of doing and what they are not likely able to do. Consequently, the teacher can devise activities rather confidently by taking all these aspects into consideration. At this stage, the teacher can take advantage of the windows of opportunity for the child’s growth. In other words, the teacher benefits from the sensitive period of a child’s development to provide him with enriching activities; the best period for the child to learn and develop further. In addition, what the children learn should be relevant to their environment and life experiences.

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